55° 



VIOLACEAE. 



Vol. II. 



9. Viola hirsutula Brainerd. Southern Wood Violet. 



Fig. 2931. 



Viola villosa Nutt. and receni: authors. Not Walt. 

 Viola hirsutula Brainerd, Rhodora 9 : 98. 1907. 



Plants of small size; rootstock short, thick; 

 leaves frequently appressed to the ground, the 

 blades orbicular to reniform, cordate, obtuse, 

 S'-2' wide, purplish and glabrous beneath, sil- 

 very pubescent above ; often purple-veined and 

 mottled with different shades of green; flowers 

 reddish purple on peduncles exceeding the leaves, 

 lateral petals bearded, spur about 2" long, very 

 blunt; apetalous flowers small, ovoid, on short 

 prostrate peduncles, their capsules ovoid, 3"-4" 

 long, purplish, bearing each 20-30 light brown 

 seeds. 



Copses in dry rich soil, southern New York to cen- 

 tral Alabama and Georgia. Hairy violet. April-May. 



10. Viola septentrionalis Greene. Northern 

 Blue Violet. Fig. 2932. 



Viola septentrionalis Greene, Pittonia 3; 3J4. 1898. 



Rootstock at length stout and branching; scapes and 

 leaves at vernal flowering 3'-$' high, more or less hir- 

 sutulous except the earliest leaves ; blades ovate to reni- 

 form, cordate, ciliate, somewhat pointed but the apex 

 blunt, becoming 2'-3' wide when mature ; petioles slen- 

 der, wiry, often purplish at base; petals variable, 4"-6" 

 wide, deep violet to pale lilac, rarely pure white or 

 white suffused with violet, the three lowest villous at 

 the base, all occasionally bearing scattered hairs ; sepals 

 ovate, usually obtuse, closely ciliolate nearly to the tip ; 

 cleistogamous flowers sagittate, on ascending pedun- 

 cles; their mature capsules purple or sometimes green, 

 subglobose, 2i"-4" long, subtended by the spreading 

 ciliolate auricles of the sepals; seeds dark brown. 



Moist open woodlands. Prince Edward Island to Ontario, 

 south to Connecticut and northern Pennsylvania. May. 



II. Viola novae-angliae House. New England 

 Blue Violet. Fig. 2933. 



Viola novae-angliae House, Rhodora 6: 226. 1904. 



In spring densely villous at the base except on petioles 

 of earliest leaves; blades at petaliferous flowering nar- 

 rowly ovate-triangular, cordate, about li' long, and 

 3' wide, glabrous above, more or less pubescent be- 

 neath, crenate-serrate at the base, distantly so toward 

 the apex ; the blades in summer becoming about 2' wide, 

 the breadth equalling the length ; flowers large, violet- 

 purple, on scapes 3'-4' high, mostly above the leaves; 

 the three lower petals densely villous, upper pair often 

 with scattered hairs; sepals oblong, obtuse, glabrous; 

 cleistogamous flowers sagittate, on ascending peduncles, 

 their capsules nearly globose, mottled with purple, 3"-4" 

 long, subtended by spreading naked auricles; seeds 

 nearly i" long. 



Gravelly and sandy shores, or in crevices of rocks, along 

 lakes or rivers, northern and central Maine, western On- 

 tario and northern Wisconsin. May-June. 



