VIOLACEAE. 



Vol. II. 



15. Viola cucuUata Ait. Marsh Blue Violet. 

 Fig. 2937. 



Viola cucullata Ait. Hort. Kew. 3 : 228. 1789. 



Glabrous; leaves except the earliest broadly ovate 

 to reniform, cordate, acute or subacumiiiate, finely 

 crenate-serrate, often 3^' wide when mature; pedun- 

 cles usually much exceeding the leaves ; corolla violet- 

 blue, darker colored at the throat, sometimes white ; 

 lateral petals with strongly clavate beard, spurred 

 petal glabrous, generally somewhat shorter than the 

 lateral; sepals narrowly lanceolate; cleistogamous 

 flowers long and slender, on erect, often elongate 

 peduncles ; capsules ovoid-cylindric, green, 5"-7i" 

 long, but little exceeding the long-auricled sepals; 

 seeds nearly black, I" long. 



Wet places, Quebec and Ontario, south to the moun- 

 tains of northern Georgia. Viola dentata Greene, not 

 Pursh, is a not infrequent hybrid between this species 

 and V. fimbriatula. April-June. 



Plains Violet. 



16. Viola viarum Pollard. 

 Fig. 2938. 



Viola viarum Pollard in Britton, Man. 635. 1901. 



Glabrous; leaves broadly deltoid with the basal 

 angles rounded ; some undivided, merely crenate- 

 serrate, or with a few slight incisions ; others pe- 

 dately 3-7-lobed or -parted, the middle segment 

 broad acute serrate, the lower segments commonly 

 lunate with outer margin sinuately serrate; corolla 

 deep violet, the spurred petal glabrous narrow emar- 

 ginate, the lateral pair narrow, bearing a sparse 

 short clavate beard, the upper pair broader diver- 

 gent emarginate ; sepals narrowly lanceolate, with 

 rather short auricles ; cleistogamous fruit on pedun- 

 cles somewhat shorter than the petioles ; ripe cap- 

 sules pale green, ovoid-cylindric; seeds olive-brown, 

 nearly i" long. 



Dry open ground, waysides, and rocky river-banks 

 Missouri to Kansas. April-May. 



17. Viola fimbriatula J. E. Smith. Ovate-leaved 

 Violet. Fig. 2939. 



Viola fimbriatula J. E. Smith in Rees' Cyclop. 37: no. 16, 



1817. 

 Viola ovata Nutt. Gen. i : 148. 1818. 

 V. sagittata var. ovata T. & G. Fl. N. A. i : 133. 1838. 



Rootstock becoming long and stout, usually erect ; the 

 blades of the earliest leaves ovate, obtuse, those of the later 

 oblong-ovate, acute or somewhat obtuse, finely pubescent 

 especially beneath, obscurely crenulate toward the apex, 

 the lobes of the subcordate or truncate base often sharply 

 toothed, incised, or auriculate; scapes usually much ex- 

 ceeding the leaves; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, with 

 auricles somewhat spreading and ciliate ; corolla violet- 

 purple; capsules green, ovoid, 3"-s" long; seeds brown; 

 cleistogamous flowers on erect peduncles. 



Dry fields and hillsides, Nova Scotia to Wisconsin, south 

 to the mountains of northern Georgia. Viola conjiigeits 

 Greene is apparently a hybrid between this species and V. 

 sagittata. April-May. Fringed or rattle-snake violet. 



