VIOLACEAE. 



Vol. II. 



34. Viola Nuttallii Pursh. Nut- 

 tail's Violet. Fig. 2956. 



V. Nuttallii Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 174. 1814. 



Somewhat pubescent, or nearly gla- 

 brous ; rootstock stout, deep-seated ; 

 leaves and petaliferous flowers in spring 

 borne from near the base of short 

 stems ; these in summer much length- 

 ened, erect or ascending, bearing cleis- 

 togamous flowers on axillary peduncles; 

 blades of the leaves lanceolate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, thickish, 1-3' long, obscurely 

 crenate-dentate or entire, tapering into 

 margined petioles, 2-6' long; sepals 

 lanceolate or linear, attenuate, 3"-4" 

 long; petals yellow, a"-7V' long, slightly 

 bearded or beardless ; capsule subglo- 

 bose or ellipsoid, about 3" long. 



On prairies and plains, Manitoba to Mon- 

 tana, south to Kansas and Arizona. Yellow 

 prairie-violet. May. 



33. Viola odorata L. English, March, or 

 Sweet Violet. Fig. 2955. 



Viola odorata L. Sp. PI. 934. 1753- 



Producing above ground leafy stolons rooting 

 freely at the nodes and bearing numerous cleis- 

 togamous flowers in summer; petioles 2'-s' long; 

 blades broadly ovate or orbicular, rounded or 

 obtuse at the apex, cordate, crenate, i'-2' wide, 

 finely pubescent ; flowers on scapes as long as the 

 leaves or shorter; very fragrant, violet or white, 

 lateral petals usually bearded; style hook-shapfd; 

 sepals oblong, mostly obtuse ; cleistogamous flow- 

 ers on slender recurving peduncles, broadly ovoid, 

 angled, pubescent, purple; seeds large, cream- 

 colored. 



Native of Europe, often cultivated and occasion- 

 ally adventive, as are some of its hybrids with allied 

 European species. March-May. Viola chinensis L. 

 {Viola lancifolia Pollard, not Thore), an Asiatic 

 species, is spontaneous in botanical gardens at 

 Washington, D. C, and elsewhere. 



35. Viola hastata Michx. Halberd- or 



Spear-leaved Yellow Violet. 



Fig. 2957. 



Viola hastata Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 149, 1803. 



Slightly puberulent; stem slender, 4'-io' high, 

 from a long white brittle horizontal root- 

 stock ; stem-leaves 2-4, near the summit, hal- 

 berd-shaped with rounded basal lobes, nar- 

 rowly lanceolate above ; or sometimes ovate- 

 lanceolate and subcordate ; radical leaves occa- 

 sional, oblong-lanceolate, usually wider and 

 more deeply cordate; all distantly serrulate; 

 corolla yellow, the upper petals often tinged 

 outside with violet; sepals linear-lanceolate, 

 acute; capsules ovoid, glabrous, 4"-S ' long; 

 stipules ovate, small, often with a few bristly 

 teeth. 



In mountain forests or hilly districts, Pennsyl- 

 vania to Ohio, south to Liberty County, Florida. 

 April-May. 



