ARALIACEAE. 



Vol. II. 



3. Aralia nudicaulis L. Wild or Vir- 

 ginian Sarsaparilla. Fig. 3091. 



Aralia nudicaulis L. Sp. PI. 274. 1753. 



Aralia nudicaulis prolifera A, C. Apgar, Bull. 



Torr. Club 14: 166. 1887. 

 A. nudicaulis elongata Nash, loc. cit. 20 : 374. 1893, 



Acaulescent or nearly so. Rootstock long; 

 leaf arising with the peduncle from the very 

 short stem, both sheathed at the base by dry 

 thin scales; petioles erect, 6'-i2' long; primary 

 divisions of the leaf ternate, slender-stalked, 

 pinnately 3^5-folioIate; leaflets oval, ovate or 

 ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, finely serrate, 2'-^' 

 long; umbels commonly 3, simple, rarely com- 

 pound ; involucre none ; pedicels slender, 

 glabrous; flowers greenish, li" broad; fruit 

 globose, purphsh-black, about 3" long, 5-lobed 

 when dry. 



In woods, Newfoundland to Manitoba, Idaho, 

 Georgia, Missouri and Colorado. Small spike- 

 nard. Rabbit-root. False sarsaparilla. Wild 

 liquorice. Shot-bush. May-June. 



4. Aralia hispida Vent. Bristly Sarsapa- 



rilla. Wild Elder. Fig. 3092. 



Aralia hispida Vent. Hort. Cels, pi. 41. 1800. 



Erect, leafy, i°-3° high, the stem and petioles 

 hispid with slender bristles. Leaves bipinnate; 

 leaflets ovate or oval, acute, glabrous or pubescent 

 on the veins beneath, sharply serrate, i'-2' long; 

 umbels several, slender-peduncled, simple ; pedicels 

 glabrous; flowers white, i" broad; fruit dark 

 purple, 3"-4" in diameter, strongly 5-lobed when 

 dry. 



In rocky or sandy woods, and clearings, Newfound- 

 land to North Carolina, Hudson Bay, Minnesota, 

 Indiana and Michigan. June-July. Rough sarsa- 

 parilla. Dwarf elder. Hyeble. Pigeon-berry. 



2. PANAX L. Sp. PI. 1058. 1753. 



Erect perennial herbs, from globose or elon- 

 gated aromatic roots, with a verticil of digitately 

 compound leaves at the summit of the stem. 

 Umbels solitary, terminal, simple. Flowers green- 

 ish or white, polygamous. Calyx-limb obscurely S-toothed. Petals S, spreading. Stamens 



5, alternate with the petals. Styles 2 or 3. Fruit a small drupe-like somewhat flattened berry, 

 enclosing 2 or 3 seeds. [Greek, all-healing.] 



About 7 species, of eastern North America and Asia. Type species : Panax quinquefolium L. 

 Leaflets 5, ovate or obovate, stalked, acuminate. i. P. quinquefolium. 



Leaflets 3-5, oval, to oblanceolate, sessile, obtuse. 2. P, trifolium. 



I. Panax quinquefolium L. Ginseng. 

 Red-berry. Sang. Fig. 3093. 



Panax quinquefolium L. Sp. PI. 1058. 1753. 

 Ginseng quinquefolium Wood, Bot. & Flor. 142. 

 1873. 



Glabrous, 8-15' high. Root fusiform, deep. 

 Petioles 1V-4' long; leaflets S (rarely 6-7), 

 stalked, thin, ovate or obovate, acuminate, 

 2-5' long, 1-2' wide, irregularly dentate; 

 peduncle slender, i'-2' long; umbel 6-20- 

 flowered ; pedicels 3"-6" long in fruit; flowers 

 about i" broad; styles usually 2; fruit some- 

 what didymous, bright crimson, 5" broad. 



In rich woods, Quebec to Alabama, Ontario, 

 Minnesota, Nebraska and Missouri. July-Aug. 

 The plant has become rare in most parts of its 

 range by the gathering of its roots for export to 

 China, but is now extensively cultivated in arti- 

 ficial shade. 



