Genus 25. 



CARROT FAMILY. 



641 



25. ZIZIA Koch, Nov. Act. Caes. Leop. Acad. 12: 129. 1825. 



Perennial mostly glabrous herbs, with ternate or ternately compound leaves, or the basal 

 ones undivided as in Thasplum, and compound umbels of yellow flowers, the central fruit of 

 each umbellet sessile. Involucre none ; involucels of several small bracts. Calyx-teeth 

 prominent. Stylopodium none. Styles elongated. Fruit ovoid, or oblong, glabrous, or nearly 

 so, somewhat flattened at right angles to the commissure, the ribs filiform, not winged; oil- 

 tubes solitary in the intervals, with a small one under each rib. Seed-face flat. [In honor 

 of I. B. Ziz, a Rhenish botanist.] : . 



Three species, mainly distinguished from the Thaspia by their wingless fruit. Type species : 

 Zizia aurea (L.) Koch. 



Basal leaves 2-3-ternately compound. 



Rays of the. umbel numerous, stout; fruit 2" long. 



Rays of the umbel 2-12, slender; fruit about i" long. 

 Basal leaves cordate, undivided; fruit about I'A" long. 



1. Z. aurea. 



2. Z, Bebbii, 

 3- 



Z. cordata. 



I. Zizia aurea (L.) Koch. Early or Golden Meadow-Parsnip. Fig. 3138. 



Smyrnium aureum L. Sp. PI. 262. 1753. 



Z. aurea Koch, Nov. Act. Caes. Leop. 12 : 129. 1825. 



Thaspium aureum var. apterum A. Gray, Man. Ed, 

 2, 15&. 1856. 



Zizia aurea obtusifolia Bissell, Rhodora 2 : 225, 

 1900. 



Erect, glabrous, branched, i°-2i° high. 

 Basal and lower leaves long-petioled, 2-3-ter- 

 nately compound, the segments ovate, or ovate- 

 lanceolate, acute, acuminate or obtusish at the 

 apex, i'-2' long, sharply serrate; upper leaves 

 shorter-petioled, ternate ; rays of the umbels 

 9-25, stout, ascending, i'-2' long; fruit oblong, 

 nearly 2" long, about li" wide. 



In fields, meadows, and swamps; New Bruns- 

 wick to Ontario, Saskatchewan, South Dakota, 

 Florida and Texas. April-June. Golden alex- 

 anders. Wild parsky. 



2. Zizia Bebbii (Coult. & Rose) Britton. Bebb's Zizia. Fig. 3139. 



Zizia aurea var. Bebbii Coult. & Rose, Bot. Gaz. 

 12: 138. 1S87. 



Zizia Bebbii Britton, Mem. Torr. Club 2 : 35. 1890. 



Slender, ascending, simple or branched, l°- 

 2° high. Basal and lower leaves slender- 

 petioled, 2-3-ternate, the segments ovate, 

 oblong, or oval, mostly obtuse, ¥-1' long, 

 sharply serrate; stem-leaves ternate, or biter- 

 nate, short-petioled, or sessile, their segments 

 lanceolate, generally narrower than those of 

 the preceding species; rays of the umbel 2-12, 

 slender, divergent, 1-3' long; fruit oval, or 

 broader than long, about i" long, often li" 

 wide. 



In mountain woods, Virginia and West Vir- 

 ginia to North Carolina, Tennessee and Georgia. 

 May. Golden alexanders. 



41 



