698 



VACCINIACEAE. 



Vol. II. 



4. BATODENDRON Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 8: 261. 1843. 



Shrubs or small trees, with firm deciduous leaves, and white flowers in leafy-bracted 

 racemes. Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla campanulate, S-lobed. Stamens 10; anthers not exserted. 

 Ovary inferior, S-celled; style exserted. Berry black, globose, many-seeded'. [Greek, black- 

 berry tree.] 



Two or three species of North America, or monotypic, with several races. Type species : 

 Batodendron arboretnn (Marsh.) Nutt. 



I. Batodendron arboreum (Marsh.) Nutt. 

 Farkleberry. Tree-Huckleberry. Fig. 3258. 



Vaccinium arboreum Marsh. Arb. Amer. 157. 1785. 

 Batodendron arboreum Nutt. loc. cit. 1843, 



A divergently branched shrub or small tree, reach- 

 ing a maximum height of about 30°_, and trunk 

 diameter of 9', the twigs glabrous or slightly pubes- 

 cent. Leaves obovate or oval, obtuse or acute and 

 mucronulate at the apex, narrowed at the base, 

 short-petioledi shining and bright green above, duller, 

 and sometimes sparingly pubescent beneath, entire or 

 glandular-denticulate, coriaceous, l'-2' long, i'-i' 

 wide; flowers pendulous, slender-pedicelled ; corolla 

 white, campanulate, S-lobed; bracts persistent; berry 

 about 3" in diameter, inedible. 



In dry sandy soil, North Carolina to Kentucky, In- 

 diana, Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma, Florida and Texas, 

 Wood hard, reddish brown, weight per cubic foot 47 lbs. 

 Gooseberry. Sparkleberry. May-June. 



Batodendron andrachneforme Small, of Missouri, 

 differs by its shorter-pedicelled smaller flowers, the 

 corolla globular-campanulate. 



5. VACCINIUM L. Sp. PI. 349. 1753. 

 Branching shrubs (some species small trees) with alternate often coriaceous leaves, and 

 small white, pink or red flowers, in terminal or lateral racemes or clusters, or rarely soHtary 

 in the axils. Calyx-tube globose, hemispheric or turbinate, not angled, adnate to the ovary, 

 the limb 5-toothed or 5-lobed, persistent. Corolla urn-shaped or cylindric, rarely subglobose, 

 its limb S-toothed or 5-lobed. Stamens twice as many as the lobes of the corolla, distinct, 

 the filaments short or elongated ; anthers awned or awnless, upwardly prolonged into tubes, 

 opening by terminal pores or chinks. Ovary S-celled, or lo-celled by false partitions ; ovules 

 several or numerous in each cavity; style straight; stigma small. Fruit a many-seeded berry. 

 [Latin name for these or related plants.] 



About 150 species of wide geographic distribution. Besides the following some 11 others occur 

 in southern and western North America. Type species : Vaccinium Myrtillus L. 

 Flowers solitary, or 2-4 together, on drooping pedicels ; low shrubs ; filaments glabrous ; anthers 

 2-awned. 

 Most or all the flowers 4-parted and stamens 8. i. V. uliginosum. 



Flowers all or nearly all 5-parted, and stamens 10. 



Shrub 3'-6' high ; leaves obovate or cuneate. 2. V. caespitosum. 



Shrubs i°-i2° high; leaves oval or oblong; northern species. 



Leaves serrulate, green both sides ; berry purple-black. 3. 



Leaves entire or nearly so, pale beneath ; berry blue with bloom. 4, 



V. membranaceum, 

 V. ovalifolium. 



Flowers fascicled or racemose, short-pedicelled ; filaments pubescent ; anthers awnless. 

 Fruit normally blue, with a bloom. 



Corolla subcampanulate, greenish-pink. 5. V. pallidum.. 



Corolla urceolate to subcylindric. 



Tall shrubs of marshes or wet soil ; leaves large ; corolla white. 



Corolla subcylindric, 3"-6' long. 6. V. corymbosum. 



Corolla urceolate, 2"-t," long. 7. V. caesariense. 



Low upland or mountain shrubs, mostly less than 4*^ high, leaves small ; corolla white to 

 greenish pink. 

 Leaves oblong, lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, green on both sides. 



Leaves and twigs densely short-pubescent 

 Leaves and twigs glabrous or nearly so. 

 Leaves obovate to broadly oblong, pale beneath. 

 Fruit normally black, with no bloom or very little. 

 Corolla globose-ovoid to urceolate. 



Low shrub of rocky places ; leaves glaucous beneath. 

 Tall shrubs ; leaves green on both sides, somewhat paler beneath. 

 Leaves entire-margined, thin, densely pubescent beneath, i\'-z 



V. canadense. 



9. V. anguslifolium, 



10. V. vacillans. 



II. V. nigrum. 



Leaves serrulate, firm, glabrous or nearly so, i' 



long ; marsh shrub. 



12. V. afrococcnm. 

 long or less ; pineland shrub. 



13. V. Ellioitii. 



