THE FLORA OF IOWA. 39 



cisely lobed with usually rather broad and subacute divisions; umbel 

 somewhat capitate in flower, with 8 -12 rays; involucre none; involu- 

 cels unilateral, of 6- 10 membranously margined, more or less united 

 bracts; petals white, with attenuated apex and quasi-obcordate; ca- 

 lyx-teeth short; fruit pubescent, broadly oval, 3"-4" long and 3" 

 broad, the thickish wing more than half as wide as the seed; vittse 3 

 in the intervals, 6 upon the commissure, conspicuous; seed flattened. 

 March-June. IVatson's Rep. in King^ s Exp. of ^th Par. 



"A^ observed by Dr. Gray, the plant does not accord with Nuttall's 

 description, nor in all respects with the characters of the genus." 

 ADOX.V, L. 



A genus belonging to the order Caprifoliacese, and composed of 

 but a single species, widely distributed throughout the cooler parts 

 of the globe. It is characterized as follows in Flor. X. A.: 



Flowers perfect. Tube of the calyx coherent with the lower part of 

 the ovary, the limb slightly 2-3 cleft. Petals 4- 5, inserted on the 

 limb of the calyx, united at the base, spreading. Stamens 4-5, each 

 filament 2-parted; the divisions bearing each a single-celled peltate 

 anther. Styles 4-5, subulate. Fruit an herbaceous and juicy berry, 

 4-5 celled ; each cell with a single suspended seed. Seeds compressed, 

 with a membranaceous margin. 



326. A. MoscH.^TEi.LiNA, L. — A small perennial herb, with the 

 odor of musk; root tuberous; radical leaves twice ternately com- 

 pound, on long petioles, the cauline solitary, 1-2 temate or incised; 

 flower.s 4-6 (greenish) in a terminal capitulum, the lateral ones 

 mostly pentamerous, the terminal tetramerous. 



349. Ll.vTRIS PUNCIATA, Hook. Stems 8'- 3'^ high, from a thick, 

 knotted fusiform root, glabrate, leafy to the top; leaves linear, rigid, 

 strongly punctate on both sides, glabrous or their margins some- 

 times ciliate, lower ones 3'- 5' long, slightly 3-uerved, l"-3" wide, 

 ])ungently acute; heads in a dense spike, 4'- 10' long, 4-6 flowered; 

 flowers reddish-purple; scales of the cylindraceous involucre oblong, 

 strongly punctate, imbricated, appressed, with mucronate, acumi- 

 nate, rather spreading tips, margins woolly-ciliate; bristles of the 

 pappus alioul 30, purplish or white, very plumose; achenia hairy. 

 Flor. Col., Port. &- Coiil. 



.vPLOPAPrrs, Cass. 



Heads few-many-flowered; ray-flowers 3-many, pistillate, fertile; 

 those of the disk tubular, perfect, generally fertile. Involucre cylin- 

 drical, turbinate, campanulale, or hemispherical, the scales imbricated 

 in few-several series, from linear-subulate varying to broadly oval. 

 Receptacle flat, alveolate. Corolla of the disk funnel-shaped, or slight- 

 ly dilated upward, 5-toothed. Style of the disk flowers with the 

 branches flattened, the subulate hispid appendages much longer than 

 the stigmatic portion. Achenia oblong or linear, mostly terete or tur- 

 binate. Pappus simple, white or brownish, of copious, mostly une- 

 qual bristles.- Perennial herbs or suffruticose plants, with entire or 

 pinnately-toothed or serrate leaves; flowers always yellow. Natives 

 of Western North America and parts of South America. 



400. A. SPINULOSUs, DC. — Herbaceous, canescent with a soft, mi- 

 nute, woolly' pubescence; stems many, 1P-2O high, corymbosely 

 branched above; leaves small, 9"- 12" long, rigid, pinnately or some- 

 what bi-pinnately pr.rted, segments short, linear-subulate, mucro- 

 nate with a short bristle; heads small, subglobose, terminating the 

 numerous branchlets; involucre shorter than the disk, scales subu- 

 late'-lanceolate, mucronulate, imbricated in 3-4 series, appressed, 

 canescent; rays 20-30; corolla of the disk with very short teeth; 



