STRUCTUJRE OF BBACHIOPODS. 191 



"but with, no ganglionic enlargements, except in Discina, 

 Tvhere they terminate each by a ganglion in the last two 

 posterior muscles. Morse has discovered the presence of 

 auditory capsules in Lingula. 



Eespiration is mainly carried on in the mantle (pallial 

 membrane). In Lingula the pallial membrane is divided 

 into oblique transverse sinuses, which 

 run parallel to each other. From 

 these arise, says Morse, numerous 

 flattened ampnllse, which are highly 

 Fig.i.30.-Ampuraeorbiood Contractile. The blood courses in 

 •sinu-es, showing course taken regular Order up and down these 



by the blood. — After Morse. . ° • i i. i 



sinuses, entering each of the ampullae 

 in turn. Fig. 130 represents a row of five ampullae with in- 

 dications of the course taken by the blood-disks. These 

 ampullffi have not been found in Discina, though the pallial 

 sinuses are very prominent. The breathing process is also 

 •carried on in the tentacles or cirri. 



Intimately connected with the vascular system is a gland- 

 ular portion of the tubular part of the segmental organs of 

 the BracJiiopoda, which is 

 supposed to represent simi- 

 lar parts in worms as well 

 as the glandular, excretory 

 portion of the organ of 

 Bojanus in mollusks, and is 

 supposed to be depuratory 

 •or renal in function. 



The reproductive system 

 •of Brachiopoda consists of 

 ■ovaries, oviducts or seg- 



-mPTifal nro-nTK! TTio- 1^1 Fig. 131.-;Segmental organs of Brachio- 

 mencai organs, J^lg. ICSl, pg^g a, Discina ; J, Tercbratulina.— After 



and spermaries. The sexes Morse. 



are probably separate in all Bracliiopoda (Morse). 



The ovaries are attached in Discina and Lingula to the 

 ■delicate vascular membranes of the large sinuses in the pal- 

 lial membranes, the vascular membranes being thrown into 

 conspicuous ruffs when the eggs are ripe. In Terebratulina 

 and Ehynchonella they are not only similarly situated, but 



