350 



ZOOLOGY. 



The plant-louse (Fig. 330, Aphis rnaU Fabr.) is provided 

 ■with two tubes on the hind-body from which honey-dew 

 drops, which attracts ants, wasps, etc. In summer the 



Fig. 3'38.— Cochinea] in- 

 sect, male: femalf natural 

 Bize and enlarged. 



Fig. 329. — Apple Aphis. ?^atural size and 

 enlarged. 



plant-licc reproduce asexually, and as there may be nine or 

 ten generations, one virgin aphis may become the j^arent of 

 millions of children and grandchildren. 



Order 9. 2\eur(jptera. — We now come to insects with a 

 Complete metamorphosis. All the foregoing orders are 

 (eic::( a ametabolous, the species 

 ';/ ]iassing through an incom- 

 plete metamorphosis, the 

 Tig. wt>.-chry^a. and group%£ stalked lai'^^e resembling the adult. 

 «gss. Tliis order is now restricted 



to those net-veined insects with a complete metamorphosis, 

 the mouth-parts free, adapted for biting, with the ligula 

 entile and largo, broad, flat, and rounded, while the pro- 

 tbora.x is large, broad, and square. The group comprises 

 the SiitlidcB {Corydahis) and the HemerobiidcB {Chrysopa, 

 Maniisjia. Rliaphidia. and Henierohivs). 



Order 10. Meraptera. — Tlie scorpion-flies are represented 

 by a single family (Panorpidae), with the typical genera 

 Panorpa and the wingless Boreus. They are net-veined 

 insects, but differ from the Xcuroplera in the caterpillar- 

 like larvae and in the imagines having a minute rudimentary 

 ligula, the head being elongated, with minute mandibles 

 at the end of the snout. The maxillae are long, and connate 

 with the labium. 



Order 11. Trichopfera. — The group of caddis-flies, whose 



