364 



ZOOLOGY. 



hatching, feed upon the living but paralyzed grasshoppers, 

 the store of living food not being exhausted until the larval 



wasp is ready to stop eating 

 and finish its transformations. 

 The genuine paper-making 

 wasps are numeroas in species; 

 here the workers are winged, 

 and only difEer from the 

 females or queens in being 

 rather smaller and with unde- 

 Teloped ovaries. The series of 

 genera from Odynerus, which 

 builds cells of mud, and in 

 which there are no workers, 

 up to those which have work- 

 ers and build paper cells, such, 

 as Pollsles, is quite continu- 

 ous. The genuine paper- 

 making wasps, such as Vespa^ 

 build several tiers of cells, ar- 

 ranged mouth downward, and 

 enveloped by a wall of several- 

 thicknesses of paper. In the 

 Vespa, the females found the 

 colony, and raise a brood of 

 workers, which early in the 

 summer assist the queen in 

 completing the nest. 



The bees also present a 

 gradual series from those 

 which are solitary, living in 

 holes in the earth, like the 

 ants (Fig. 365, nest of An- 

 of''^„r;,li7TSVstlSdT-cei?: 'tit (Irena vidua Smithy, andform- 

 m^fiHhT4giiid''oTii;>.?oi!eS ^"S silk-lined cartbeu cocoons, 



mass freshly deposited by the bee.- tO those which are social, with 

 Kmerton da. 



Winged workers, slightly dif- 

 fering from the queens. The qneen humble-bee hybernates, 

 and in the spring founds her colony by laying up pellets ot 



