CLASSIFICATION OF INSECTS. 



367 



Ori^r 15. Lepidoptera. — Body and wings covered ■with scales; 

 maxillse lengthened into a very long tongue; larvae (cater- 

 pillars) with ahdominal legs (Tinea, Geometra, Noctua, 

 Bombyx, Sphinx, Papilio). 



Order 16. MyrMnoptera. — Wings clear, with few veins; mouth- 

 parts with a variety of functions, i.e., biting, lapping 

 liquids, etc. In the higher families the thorax consists of 

 four segments, the first abdominal segment of the larva 

 being ti-ansferred to the thorax in the pupa and imago. 

 Metamorphosis complete (Tenthredo, Cynips, Ichneumon, 

 Sphex, Vespa, Apis). 



Tabtjlab View of the Sixteen Obdebs op Insecta. 







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Ametabola. 



Thysanura. 

 (Campodea.) 



Laboratory Work. — In dissecting Myi-iopods, spiders, and insects, the 

 ■dorsal portion of the integument should be carefully removed with 

 fine scissors, leaving the hypodermis untouched; this should then be 

 Taised, disclosing the delicate heart or dorsal vessel. The alimentary 

 <;anal will be found passing through the middle of the body; it should 

 be laid open with the scissors, or, better, a hardened alcoholic specimen 

 <;an readily be cut in two longitudinally, and if the section is true, the 

 •oesophagus and crop — for example, of a locust — can be laid open, and 



