594 



ZOOLOGY. 



The whale-fishery first sprang up in the twelfth century 

 in the Bay of Biscay. In the New England colonies whales 

 were pursued in boats from the shore. In 1854 the fishery 

 culminated ; since then it has decreased. It is principally 

 carried on by Americans, Xew Bedford being now the lead- 

 ing port from which whalers are sent out to the Arctic 



Fig. bl6.—Kogia Floweri.—Mtitr Grayson, from Gill. 



regions and Behring's Straits, one hundred and ten vessels 

 having been sent out in 1876 from this port. 



Closely allied to Fhyseter macroceplialus Lacepede, are 

 the pigmy whales, represented on the Californian coast by 

 Kogia Floweri Gill (Pig. 516), which is nearly three metres 



Fiff. 517. — Skull of Cdtlignathus simus, seen from the side and from b^.low. — 

 Af ler Owen. 



(nine feet) in length, with a conical head. In CaUignathus 

 simus Owen (Fig. 517) the skull is short and broad ; it is 

 found on the coast of ^ladras. India. 



The narwhale {Monodon monoceros Linn.) is distinguished 

 by the long, spirally-twisted, horn-like tusk of the male, 

 formed of the left upper incisor, which becomes nearly three 



