224 3Lan&8cape Hrcbitecture 



planting of incongruous specimens and no out-of- 

 place flower bedding. The park of Muskau teaches 

 the same lesson, and under conditions closely resem- 

 bling those of our Middle States. 



"The lawns or open stretches or glades of turf are 

 just as carefully considered, it will be noticed, in the 

 semitropical park and luxuriant vegetation of the 

 Antibes as in England or Russia. The open spaces 

 with bordering foliage, the pastoral, the picturesque, 

 have the same justification and interest given them 

 here as in England or America."' 



The philosophy of the development of lawn planting 

 has come in the present day to mean far more than it 

 did in the days of our fathers, in spite of the fact that 

 the modem period appears to be one of fads and faddists, 

 of Italian and old-fashioned gardens, of blue spruces 

 and yellow Japan cypresses. In the eighteenth century 

 there was little difference between the landscape archi- 

 tect and the architect; indeed it was the architect and 

 gardener who generally designed the entire place. 

 The name landscape architect was unknown. 



To-day we have an outdoor art of many cultures, 

 notably architectural and horticultural, the antago- 

 nisms of which have produced a play of forces which has 

 tended to break up into various parts the formal and 

 rigid landscape rules of classic and mediaeval times. 

 Extravagances of manj?- kinds have naturally made 

 themselves evident, yet these very antagonisms are 



' Garden and Forest, vol i., April 4, 1888, p. 64. 



