30 TELEOSTOMI. 
V. Anal rays more than 20. . . - - «+ + + POMATOMIDA, 57. 
VV, Anal rays less than20. . . . . - + + + « « PEeRcIDA, 63. 
OUT. Anal spines three. 
W. Pseudobranchiz small, fleshy, covered by skin. 
CENTRARCHID, 62. 
WW. Pseudobranchia large, exposed. 
X. Maxillary slipping under preorbital for its whole length. 
SPARID., 66. 
XX. Maxillary not slipping under preorbital for its whole length. 
SERRANID &, 64, 
UUUU. Anal spines, 4to10. . . . . . » « CENTRARCHIDA, 62. 
TT. Vomer without teeth. 
Y. Teeth setiform (tooth-brush like) ; soft parts of vertical fins 
densely scaly; body elevated; dorsal deeply notched. 
EpuipPip&, 71. 
YY. Teeth not setiform. 
Z. Lateral line obsolete; dorsal spines about 4. 
ELASSOMATID#, 61. 
ZZ. Uateral line present. 
u, Anal spines 1 or 2; a large slit behind fourth gill. 
b. Lateral line extending on caudal fin; snout scaly. . . Scra#nip#, 68. 
bb. Lateral line not extending on caudal fin; snout scaleless. 
PEKcipaé, 63. 
aa. Anal spines 3. 
ce. Slit behind fourth gill none; lower pharyngeals completely united; 
jaws with canines infront... . . . . . . . » LaABRip&, 70. 
ec. Slit behind fourth gill large. 
d, Anal with more than 15 soft rays; preopercle serrate. 
STROMATEIDA, 58, 
dd, Anal with less than 15 soft rays. 
¢. Maxillary slipping beneath the broad preorbital for its whole 
length; dorsal spines more than 10. . . . . Sparip4, 66. 
ze. Maxiliary not slipping beneath the narrow preorbital. 
y Dorsal spines 12; anaatah moderately protractile; pseu- 
dobranchiz large. + * 6 « . . . » Loporips, 65. 
yy Dorsal spines 9 or 10; praniaxdllaries extremely protractile; 
pseudobranchie concealed. . . - . 6 © GERRI, 69. 
fF, Ventral fins with or without spine; the number of rays not I, 5. 
w. Upper jaw prolonged inasword.. . . . . . IsTiopHorips, 53. 
ax. Upper jaw not sword-like. 
J: Dorsal fin low, of spines only. . . . - « . BriEennnmpa, 83. 
Jf. Dorsal fin of spines anteriorly, of soft dae posteriorly. 
g. Ventral rays 7; vent anterior; dorsal spines 3 or 4. 
APHREDODERID&, 60. 
gg. Ventral raysI,1; dorsal spines free; vent normal; body mailed. 
GASTEROSTEIDA, 45. 
ggg. Ventral rays I, 4; body scaly; pectoral fin divided to base in 
two unequal parts. . . . . . CEPHALACANTHIDA, 75. 
Jff. Dorsal of soft rays anteriorly, with low spines posteriorly. 
Lycopin, £8, 
SSF. Dorsal fin of soft rays only. 
