SQUATINIDA. — XII. 19 
16. CARCHARODON Andrew Smith. (xdpxapos, jagged ; 
68a, tooth.) 
21, C, carcharias (L.). Man-EATER SHARK. GREAT WHITE 
Suarx. First dorsal somewhat behind pectorals. Color leaden- 
gray, P. edged with black. L. 25 feet. Most voracious of all sharks, 
and next in size to Cetorhinus, weighing nearly aton. Warm seas, 
occasional off our coasts. Linnzus says, “ Jonam prophetam ut vete- 
res Herculem, in hujus trinoctem ventriculo tridui spateo, besisse 
verosimile est.” ,The fossil teeth of a far larger extinct species, 
Carcharodon megalodon, are often found in tertiary beds along our 
South Atlantic coast. (Eu.) (kapyapias, old name of large sharks.) 
Famity XI. CHTORHINIDA. (Tue Basxine SHarks.) 
Largest of all fishes; immense sharks with the gill openings ex- 
tremely wide, nearly meeting above and below; mouth moderate ; 
teeth very small, numerous, conical, simple; no nictitating mem- 
brane; spiracles very small; first dorsal and pectorals large; sec- 
ond and anal small; caudal lunate, the upper lobe the larger ; tail 
keeled on the side. One species, a huge, sluggish creature, found 
in Northern seas. 
17. CETORHINUS Bilainville. (kjros, whale ; pivn, a shark.) 
22. C. maximus (Gunner). Basxine SHarx. Head small, 
snout blunt. Gray. L. 35 feet; depth nearly 6 feet. Open sea, 
8. to Va. (Eu.) 
Famity XII. SQUATINIDAM. (THe ANGEL-FIsHES.) 
Ray-like sharks, with the body depressed, the pectoral fins very 
large, expanded in the plane of the body, the anterior margin bear- 
ing some resemblance to the bend of the wing in birds; ventrals 
very large ; dorsal fins two, small, subequal, behind ventrals; cau- 
dal small; no anal; gill openings wide, subinferior, partly hidden 
by base of pectoral; spiracles wide, crescent-shaped, behind eyes; 
mouth and nostrils anterior ; teeth small, conical, pointed, distant. 
A single species, in most seas. The singularly formed pectoral fins 
give an absurd resemblance to the conventional pictures of angels. 
48. SQUATINA Duméril. (Rhina Ginther.) (Latin name, 
from squatus, skate.) 
23. S. squatina (L.). ANGEL-FIsH. Monx-risH. Skin rough, 
with small, stiff prickles; ashy gray above, usually much mottled. 
L. 3 or 4 feet. Warm seas, rarely N. (Eu.) 
Orper V. RAIA. (Tue Rays.) 
The Rays, as a whole, differ from the sharks in having the 
gill openings underneath the flat disk formed by the body and the 
