66 TELEOSTEI : EVENTOGNATHI. — XII. 
young with dusky lateral shade. Head 4}; depth 4%. D.8. A. 8. 
Scales 6-50-5. LL. 12. Missouri Basin, abundant in river chan- 
nels, N. to Saskatchewan, S. to Cairo, Ill. (Lat., slender.) 
63. SEMOTILUS Rafinesque. (ojpa, banner; the remainder, 
according to Rafinesque, means “ spotted.”) 
a. Scales scarcely crowded anteriorly, about 8-45-5; no black spot at base 
of dorsal in front. 
148. S. bullaris (Rafinesque). Fari-risa. Cuus. Roacu. 
D. inserted midway between nostril and base of C.; barbel very 
small; eye 44 in head; 22 scales before D. Bluish above, sides 
silvery; fins plain. Head 4; depth 4. D. 8. A. 8. L. 18. Quebec 
to Va., abundant E., the largest of the Cyprinide E. of the Rocky 
Mts. On the Pacific slope are species (Ptychocheilus, Mylopharo- 
don, etc.) 5 to 6 feet in length. “The chub is a soft fish; it tastes 
like brown-paper salted.” (Thoreau.) (Lat., bulla, bubble.) 
aa, Scales small, crowded anteriorly, about 10-54-7; lat. 1.52 to 65; a round~ 
ish black spot at base of D. in front. 
149, S. atromaculatus (Mitchill). Hornep Daczr, CREEK 
Cuus. D. inserted midway between pupil and base C.; body 
robust ; head large and broad; barbel minute, not evident in the 
young; mouth large, lower jaw included ; eye small; 30 scales be- 
fore D. Dusky, little silvery, a dark bar at shoulder; young with 
dark lateral band; ¢ more or less red and with coarse tubercles 
in spring. Head 33; depth4. D.7. A. 8. L. 12, or less. W. 
Mass. to Dakota, Va. and La., very abundant, especially in smalk 
clear brooks. Variable. (Semotilus corporalis of authors, not of 
Mitchill.) (Lat. ater, black; maculatus, spotted.) 
64. PHOXINUS Agassiz. Dace. 
(As here understood, a very large genus, one of the largest in 
Ichthyology, comprising a great number of species, mostly of 
Europe, Asia, and Western North America, distinguished from 
Notropis, in general by the better developed dentition; the teeth 
2,4-5, 2, or 2,5-—5, 2, and by the larger size of the body; the 
scales being in general smaller than in Notropis. We here unite 
Squalius (lat. 1. complete) with Phoxinus (lat. 1. incomplete). 
When we consider European species only, the two genera appear 
to be widely separated, but the intergradation is almost perfect 
when American species are taken into account. (Old name from 
oégds, tapering.) 
uw. Lateral line complete (Squalius Bonaparte). 
b. Teeth without grinding surface; caudal peduncle rather slender; anal 
basis short. 
