CLUPEIDA. — XXX, 73 
Head 5; depth 3}. With C. pseudoharengus, but running later, 
less abundant and much less valuable as a food-fish. (Lat., belong- 
ing to summer.) 
cc. Teeth on jaws; usually persistent at tip of both jaws; peritoneum 
P pale. 
171. ‘€. chrysochloris Rafinesque. Sxrp-sack. Body ellipti- 
cal; head slender, rather pointed; lower jaw strongly project- 
ing; maxillary reaching posterior part of eye; eye large, 4} in 
head ; fins moderate; gill rakers not numerous, rather stout, about 
X-+ 23; opercles striate. Bright blue, sides with golden reflec- 
tions. Head 3; depth 33. D.16. A.18. Lat.1.52. Seutes 20+ 13. 
L. 18. Miss. Valley, etc., abundant and resident in larger streams, 
introduced into Great Lakes. Also in Gulf of Mexico. A hand- 
some but lean and poor fish in the rivers, becoming excessively fat 
in salt water. (xpvods, golden; xAwpés, green.) 
bb. Cheeks little if at all deeper than long, the preopercle scarcely pro- 
longed forward below; body deep ; depth of body 23 to 3; teeth few 
ornone. (Alosa Cuvier.) 
172. & sapidissima Wilson. Suap. Body rather deep; 
mouth large, the jaws subequal ; gill rakers very long and slender, 
X -+ 40 to 60; fins low. D. nearer snout than C. Bluish, sides 
more or less silvery ; usually a dark blotch behind opercle, and 
often several in a row behind this; peritoneum white. Head 44; 
depth about 3. D.15. A. 21. Lat. 1.60. Scutes 21-416. L. 30. 
Atlantic coast from the Miramachi to the Alabama, ascending 
rivers to spawn; one of the best of food-fish. Introduced in Ohio 
R. etc. (Superlative of Lat., sapidus, good to eat.) 
73. OPISTHONEMA Gill. (émo6e, behind; vjya, thread.) 
173. O. oglinum (Le Sueur). Turreap Herrine. Body 
compressed; belly strongly serrate; jaws toothless ; dorsal filament 
about as long as head. Bluish, silvery below; a bluish shoulder spot; 
dark streaks along scales of back. Head 4; depth 3}. D.19. A. 
24. Lat.1.50. Scutes 17-11. L.12. West Indies, N. to Cape 
Cod. 
74. BREVOORTIA Gill. (To James Carson Brevoort, late of 
Brooklyn, N. Y.) 
174. B. tyrannus (Latrobe). Mrnnapen. MossBunker. 
Bua-riso. Fat-sack. Body compressed, deep, heavy anteriorly; 
no teeth ; gill rakers very long and slender; scales very closely 
imbricated, irregularly arranged; fins small. Bluish, sides silvery 
or brassy; fins yellowish; a dark scapular blotch, behind which are 
usually smaller spots. Head 3}; depth 3. D.19. A.19, Lat. 1. 
60 to 80. Scutes 20-+12. L. 20, Cape Cod to Florida; very abun- 
