PERCIDA, — LXIII. 131 
Q olivaceous, barred; fins speckled. Head4; depth4}. D. XI-12. 
A. II, 8. Scales 6-45-7. L.3. French Broad R. (Lat., rufus, 
red; linea, line.) 
ec. Dorsal spines 14; scales 8-53-9. 
353. EB. vulneratum (Cope). Body stout, fusiform; tail deep; 
form of E. maculatum. Light olive with 8 dark bars, interrupted 
above, and a few crimson spots; fins mostly plain; 1st D. with a 
series of red spots; C. orange, with narrow black edge, as has also 
24D. Head 4; depth 44. D.XIV-13. A.II,8. L.2. French 
Broad R. (possibly the young of EH. camurum). (Lat., wounded.) 
vv. Lateral line incomplete or wanting (sometimes nearly or quite com- 
plete in E. jessie.) 
ce. Lateral line developed anteriorly. 
Ff. Gill membranes broadly united (Etheostoma). 
g- Head entirely naked; lower jaw prominent; lateral line developed 
about half way. 
354, B. flabellare Rafinesque. Body long and low, the back 
not arched; head long and pointed; fins low; 1st D.in ¢ half as 
high as 2d; the spines with fleshy tips, spines higher in Q ; nape 
and throat naked. A conspicuous black humeral scale. Dusky 
olive, with dark longitudinal streaks, ¢ with dark cross-bars ; 2d D. 
and C. sharply barred; 1st D. in g tipped with orange. Head 4; 
depth 5. D. VIJI-12. A. II, 8. Scales, 7-50-7. Vert. 13-+ 
2033. L. 24. W. N.Y. to N.C., and W. in clear streams, 
abundant and variable; the typical form from Ind. E. Var. lineola- 
tum Ag., from Ind. N. W., has a black spot on each scale, these marks 
forming very conspicuous stripes along side. Var. cumberlandicum 
Jordan & Swain, from Cumberland R., has thicker head, and the 
adult is almost plain olivaceous, except for the black humeral spot 
and the barred fins. This is the most active and wary of the dart- 
ers, and the most hardy in the aquarium. (Lat., flabellum, a fan; 
i. e., fan-tailed.) 
gg. Head more or less scaly. 
h. Cheeks, opercles, nape, and breast scaly; jaws equal; lateral line 
nearly complete. 
355. HE. squamiceps Jordan. Body less elongate than in the 
preceding, the head shorter and thicker. Dusky olive, without 
well-defined marks; ¢ mottled, with 6 cross-blotches and the lower 
fins black; vertical fins cross-barred ; a black humeral spot. Head 
31; depth 5. D. IX-12. A. II, 7. Scales 5-50-6. L. 3. S. 
Ind. to W. Fla. (Lat., squama, scale; ceps, head.) 
hh. Cheeks naked, or with embedded scales; opercles scaly. 
356. E. whipplei (Girard). Body rather deep, compressed, 
with deep tail; mouth terminal, oblique; maxillary to eye, 34 in 
head. Grayish, mottled with darker and with faint bars; sides 
