SPARIDA, — LXVI. 139 
c. Interorbital area not flat; fronto-occipital crest not continued forward 
to snout; no pterygoid teeth; C.lunate.. . . . Lursanus, 166. 
6b. Vomer without teeth. 
d. Teeth all pointed ; no incisors or molars; preopercle serrate. (Hamu- 
line.) 
ce. Mouth small; chin with a large pore; anal fin long, its rays III, 
11 to III, 14, its spines small, graduated. ORTHOPRISTIS, 167. 
dd. Teeth on sides of jaws molar; preopercle entire. (Sparine.) 
J. Second interhemal spine normal, not ‘pen-shaped;” front 
teeth broad, incisor-like; no canines; first spine-bearing in- 
terneural developed as an antrorse spine before D. 
g. Occipital and temporal crests of skull nowhere coalescent ; 
interorbital area not swollen, its bones thin, transversely 
concave; incisors deeply notched. . . . Lacopon, 168. 
gg. Occipital and temporal crests coalescent anteriorly, both 
merging into the gibbous interorbital area, the bones of 
which are honeycombed; incisors entire or nearly so. 
ArcHosareus, 169. 
Jf. Second interhzemal spine enlarged, hollowed anteriorly, pen- 
shaped, receiving the posterior end of the air-bladder in its 
anterior groove; front teeth incisor-like, but very narrow; an 
antrorse spine before D.; lateral crest not coalescing with 
occipital crest; interorbital area flattish.. Srznoromus, 170. 
aa. Species herbivorous, with long intestines and many pyloric ceca; front 
teeth all incisor-like. (Kyphosine.) 
g. Vomer with teeth; soft fins densely scaly; incisors entire at 
tip, with horizontal backward projecting roots, the bands 
of small teeth behind them narrow. . . Kypuosus, 171. 
166. LUTJANUS Bloch. Snappers. (Ikan Lutjang, Japanese 
name of the typical species.) 
a. Anal fin low, rounded; color chiefly greenish. 
379. L. griseus (L.). MancGrove Snapper. GRAY SNAPPER. 
Lawyer. CasBALLEROTE. Snout pointed; mouth large; lower 
jaw not projecting; canines strong; vomerine teeth in a /\-shaped 
patch; preorbital deep; rows of scales of sides of back becoming 
oblique and irregular behind. Dark green, reddish below ; young 
with dusky streaks; vertical fins blackish, tinged with red in life. 
Head 2%; depth 22 to 3. D.X%,14. A.III,8. Scales 6-50-12. 
L. 18. West Indies, N. to N. J.; very common S. especially along 
shore among mangroves. (Lat., gray.) 
aa, Anal fin high, angulated, the middle rays elevated; color chiefly red. 
380. I. aya (Bloch). Rep Snapper. Body robust; upper 
canines strong, lower small; teeth and scales much as in L. griseus. 
Rose-red, nearly uniform, young with a blotch on lateral line. 
Head 22; depth 28. D. X, 14. A. TIT, 9. Seales 7-60-15. 
L. 30. West Indies, etc., rarely N. to Block Island (Goode), 
abundant on the Gulf Coast, in rather deep water. (L. blackfordi 
Goode & Bean.) (A Brazilian name.) 
