LIPARIDIDA. — LXXVII. 153 
aa. Mouth rather large; the maxillary about 2} in head; no cross-groove on 
top of head; black spot on Ist D. diffuse; preopercular spine with a 
smalier one before it. 
b. Cheek bone without distinct spine at centre of radiation; edge of pre- 
orbital granular serrate; spines on top of head not knife-like. 
424, P. strigatus Cuv.& Val. Head not very broad; gill rakers 
long, 15 to 20; interorbital area flattish. Brownish, side with a 
distinct bronze band parallel with lateral line, this breaking up in 
spots behind; head spotted; body and fins with dark clouds; P. 
finely barred with black. Head 23; depth4. D.X-12. A. 11. 
Scales 10-60-23. P.2in body. L.12. Cape Cod to Va. (Per- 
haps a variety of P. evolans L., which has scales larger, P. not 
barred, etc.; N.C., 8.) (Lat., striped.) 
bb. Cheek bone with a spine at centre of radiation; bones of head sharply 
striate; head broad, the spines above compressed and knife-like, 
especially in young. 
425. P. tribulus Cuv. & Val. Spines much larger than in 
others, still larger in young; spines on snout and side of cheek in 
line with preocular spine; gill rakers thickish, about 10. Brown- 
ish, much clouded; no lengthwise stripe. Head 2); depth 44. D. 
X-12. A.11. Lat.1.50. L.12. P.2in body. N.Y. to Texas. 
(Lat., a thistle, or other source of tribulation.) 
Famity LXXVII. LIPARIDIDAS. (Tue Sea-snatzs.) 
Body oblong, covered with lax, naked skin; head broad, obtuse; 
suborbital stay slender; teeth small, mostly tricuspid; opercles un- 
armed; gill openings small, the membranes joined to the isthmus; 
gills 3}, no slit behind last; no air bladder; pseudobranchize 
rudimentary. D continuous, the spines feeble. A. without spines. 
V. I, 5, the two fully united, forming the bony centre of a broad 
sucking-disk or else wanting. P. broad, the base procurrent, the 
lower rays longer than those above them. C. short. Vertebra 40 
to 45. Genera 3; species about 20. Small fishes of the Arctic 
seas, some of them in deep water. Although very different in ap- 
pearance, they are closely related to some of the Cottide. 
a. Ventral disk present. (Liparine.)’ 
b. Ventral disk well developed; vent well behind head. . . Liparis, 196. 
196. LIPARIS (Artedi) Fleming. (Arrapds, sleek-skinned.: 
a. Dorsal fin continuous; separated by a notch from caudal. 
426. L. montagui (Donovan). Snout very broad. Yellowish, 
the fins dark-edged. Disk not quite half head. Head 34; depth 
44. D.28. A.24. C.14. P.30. L.3. Cape Cod, N. (Eu.) 
(To Mr. G. Montagu, a writer on British fishes.) 
aa. Dorsal fin joined to the caudal. 
