226 AVES : STEGANOPODES,. — XXXIV. 
filamentous plumes; many species crested. Genus one; species 
25; of most regions, chiefly inhabiting rocky coasts, where they 
are gregarious and voracious. 
346. PHALACROCORAX Brisson. (gadaxpds, bald; xdpag, 
raven.) 
u. Tail of 14 feathers. 
680. P. carbo (L.). Common Cormorant. Sac. Head, 
neck and belly blue-black ; back brownish, streaked with black ; 
young grayish; sac flesh-color, heart-shaped behind. L. 36. W. 
14. T. 74. B. 24. Northern regions, 8. to N.J. (Eu.) (Lat., 
coal.) 
aa. Tail of 12 feathers. 
681. P. dilophus (Swainson). DousLe-Crestep CoRMORANT. 
Glossy greenish black; back and wing coverts slaty brown; adult 
with two curly black lateral crests; sac convex or straight-edged 
behind, yellowish. L. 33. W.13. T. 7. N.Am.; our common- 
est species. (dis, twice ; Ad@os, crest.) 
682. P. mexicanus (Brandt). Mexican Cormorant. Brown- 
ish black; back slaty; gular sac orange, white-edged. L. 24. 
W.10. B.2. S. W., N. to S. IIL 
Famity CXXXIV. PELECANIDA. (Tue PEricans.) 
Bill very long, rather slender, straight, grooved throughout, with 
a claw-like hook at the end; the broad space between the branches 
of the lower jaw occupied by a huge membranous sac ; nostrils abor- 
tive; wings very long; tail very short, of 20 or more feathers; 
feet short, stout. Skin of breast and belly with large air-cells be- 
neath it, so that the body is rendered better able to float. These 
air-cells occupy the usual position of the fat-cells. Sexes alike. 
Genus one; species 6; found in most warm regions. Gregarious, 
greedy fish-eating birds, clumsy on the wing. 
347, PELECANUS Linnezus. (seXexdy, pelican.) 
a. Tail-feathers 24; lower jaw feathered. (Cyrtopelicanus Reich.) 
683. P. erythrorhynchos Gmelin. Wuite PELican. White 
with black on wings and some yellowish; pouch reddish or yel- 
lowish. L. 60. W. 24. B. 12. N. Am., abundant S. and W., 
often inland. Farther S. occurs the Brown Pelican, P. fuscus L., 
chiefly dusky grayish in color. (¢pvOpés, red; Aiyxos, beak.) 
Famity CXXXV. FREGATIDA. (Tue Man-or-War 
Brrps.) 
Bill long, rather slender, straight, strongly hooked at tip. Gular 
sac moderate. Wings very long and pointed ; tail very long, deeply 
forked; feet very small, the short, feathered tarsus very short; 
the webbing narrow; middle claw pectinate. 
