ANATIDA. — CXXXVI. 229 
Jf. Tail feathers with their bases scarcely concealed by the short 
coverts; tail more than half length of wing, much graduated, 
the feathers with narrow webs and very stiff shafts. 
m. Nail of bill very small, bent backward beneath 
tip of upper mandible; outer toe longer than 
middle. . . . . . . Erismatura, 363. 
mm. Nail of bill normal, not very narrow; outer 
toe shorter than middle toe. 
Nomonyrx, 364. 
bb. Tarsus reticulate all around, the plates rather larger in front; tarsus 
not shorter than middle toe without claw. Sexes similar. Geese. 
(Anserine.) 
g. Serre on tomium of upper mandible visible from outside for most 
of its length; tomium decidedly sinuate or concave; (bill and feet 
pale). 
r. Bill very stout, its depth at base more than half its length above. 
(Color largely white.). 2... 6 & . . CHEN, 365. 
rr. Bill smaller and more depressed, its depth i base not half its 
length. (Color not white.) . . . . . . . . ANSER, 366. 
qq. Serre on upper tomium scarcely visible except near angle of mouth, 
the tomium scarcely sinuate; nostril near middle of nasal fossa; 
(head, bill and feet mostly black). . . . . . . BRawnrta, 367. 
aa. Neck not shorter than body; lores partly naked. Color white. Swans. 
(Cygnine.) 
s. Bill not tuberculate; tail rounded; outer primaries with sinuate 
webs... 6 6 6 © © 6 © ee © * © © « ODOR, 368, 
349. MERGANSER Brisson. (Lat., mergus, diver ; anser, 
goose.) 
a. Nostril nearer middle of bill than base. 
685. M. americanus (Cassin). MERGANSER. GOOSANDER. 
Fisp Doucx. ¢ black and white above, lower parts creamy 
white; a black bar across white of wing coverts; head glossy 
green, scarcely crested; 9 smaller, ashy gray; head brownish. 
L. 24. W. 11. B. 2. T. 5. N. Am., common. 
aa. Nostrils near base of bill. 
686. M. serrator (L.). Rep-BREASTED MerGanseER. Similar; 
head crested; g with breast reddish brown, black-streaked; wing 
with two black bars, instead of one as in preceding. L. 24. W. 9. 
T. 4. B.24. N.Am., abundant. (£u.) (Lat., one who saws.) 
350. LOPHODYTES Reichenbach. (Adgos, crest ; durqs, diver.) 
687. L. cucullatus (L.). Hoopep MERGANSER. SHELDRAKE. 
Black and white; speculum white with 2 dark bars; sides chestnut 
in@; 9 duller and grayish ; crest high and compressed; nostrils 
sub-basal. L.19. W.8. T.4, B.14. N.Am., common. (£u.) 
(Lat., hooded.) 
