252 AVES: GALLINA. — XXXIX. 
dd. Tail about half as long as wing; toes naked. 
J. Neck with a ruff of straight stiff feathers, beneath which is a 
bare, inflatable air-sac; tail rounded. - Tympanucuus, 408. 
Jf. Neck without peculiar feathers ; tail graduated, the middle 
feathers exserted. . . « « «+ « » PEDI@CETES, 409. 
404, COLINUS Lesson. (Mex. name, Acolin.) 
790. C, virginianus (L.). Bos-Warre. Quai (North). 
PartTrRIpGE (South). Forehead, line through eyes, chin and throat 
white, brownish yellow in 9 ; crown dark; plumage generally 
chestnut red, barred and streaked. L. 93. W.5. T. 3. B. 2%, 
E. U. S., W. to Great Plains, abundant. The smaller European 
quail, Coturnix coturnix L., with very short tail and lower mandible 
entire, has been introduced E. 
405. DENDRAGAPUS Elliot. (8v8por, tree ; dydmn, love.) 
a. Tail of 16 feathers; no evident air-sac on side of neck (Canachites 
Stejneger). 
791. D. canadensis (L.). Srruck Partripge. Canapba 
Grouss. Black above with grayish markings; mostly black below 
with white spots; the sides streaked; tail black, often tipped with 
reddish; 9 smaller, black interrupted or streaky. L.16. W. 62. 
T. 54. Spruce swamps, northward; S. to N. Y. and Mich. 
406. BONASA Stephens. (ovagos, wild bull.) 
792. B. umbellus (L.). RuFFep Grouse. PARTRIDGE 
(North). Parasant (South). Crested; sides of neck with a 
ruff of soft dark feathers; color reddish or grayish brown, much 
streaked and variegated with blackish and pale. L.18. W. 7}. 
T. 7. E. U.S., abundant in woodland. (Lat., umbel.) 
407. LAGOPUS Brisson. (Aayds, hare; rovs, foot.) 
793. L. lagopus (L.). Wuite Prarmigan. WiLLow Grouse. 
Fore parts cinnamon brown, variegated with blackish, rest of body 
chiefly white; winter plumage pure white, the tail black; bill stout. 
L. 16. W. 8 T. 5. Arctic, S. to N. N. Y. in winter. (Eu.) 
Some other species occur N. 
408. TYMPANUCHUS Gloger. (Lat., tympanum, drum; nucha, 
nape.) 
a. Scapulars without conspicuous terminal whitish spots; neck tufts in ¢ of 
more than 10 parallel-edged, obtuse feathers. 
794. T. americanus (Reichenbach). Pinnatep GRrovse. 
Prarriz Hen. Prairie CuHicken. Sides of neck with a tuft of 
long pointed feathers, beneath which is a patch of bare, red skin, 
capable of great inflation; color black, tawny and white, much 
