264 AVES: PSITTACI. — XLII. 
reversion of outer toe; tarsus reticulate. Tongue short, fleshy; 
upper jaw unusually movable. Altricial. Plumage often brilliant. 
In all warm regions. Genera 26; species 354, nearly half of which 
are American. All of the latter, and many of the Old World 
forms, belong to the principal family, Psittacide. 
Families of Psittaci. 
a. Carotids two, the left superficial. . . . . . . . Psitracips, 156. 
Famity CLVI. PSITTACIDAS. (THE Parrots.) 
Parrots with two carotid arteries, the left superficial. This great 
group includes the great majority of the parrots, — all of the Ameri- 
can species. 
a. Ambiens muscle present: a tufted oil-gland; furculum complete. (Arine.) 
6, Face entirely feathered except a curve about the eye; tail graduated, the 
feathers narrowed. . . «© + « « «© + « « « « Conunus, 438, 
438. CONURUS Kuhl. (kévos, cone; ovpa, tail.) 
838. C. carolinensis (L.). CaroLina Paroquet. Green; 
head and neck yellow ; face orange red; wings with blue and yel- 
low; bill white; cere feathered. L. 13. W. 7}. T. 6. South- 
western, formerly N. to the Great Lakes; now nearly exterminated, 
except in Fla. 
PICARIZ. 
Nors. — Between the Parrots and the Singing Birds comes the series 
or so-called order of Picariw, a highly diversified group including all the 
non-passerine land birds, except the pheasants, doves and birds with cered 
and hooked bill. In all, the hind toe is small (if present), and sometimes 
elevated ; its claw is usually shorter than that of middle toe. The wing 
coverts are larger and in more numerous series than in the Passeres. The 
primaries are 10 in number, the first rarely short; tail usually of 10 
feathers. Sternum non-passerine ; musical apparatus imperfect ; tarsus 
never presenting an undivided ridge behind. Nature altricial. 
Recent writers usually subdivide the Picarie into three groups, which 
are recognized as distinct orders by the American Ornithologists’ Union, 
under the names of Coccyges, Pict and Macrochires. The last two are 
natural groups and well defined by anatomical characters. The Coccyges, 
however, are scarcely less varied than the Picarie, of which they form 
the greater part. Dr. Coues says: ‘“‘I have no faith whatever in the 
integrity of any such grouping as Picarie implies, but if I should break 
up this conventional assemblage, I should not know what to do with the 
fragments.” The so-called order Acanthoptert among fishes is a case 
somewhat parallel. 
