ICTERID. — CLXVI. 279 
465. XANTHOCEPHALUS Swainson. 
882. XX. xanthocephalus (Bonaparte). YELLOW-HEADED 
Brackzirp. ¢ black with white wing patch; head and neck 
deep yellow; @ smaller, browner, with less yellow. L.10. W. 5}. 
T. 44. W.N. Am., E. to Ind, etc. in swamps. (favéds, yellow; 
xe@adn, head.) 
466. AGELAIUS Vieillot. (dyedaios, gregarious.) 
883. A. phoeniceus (L.). Rep-wincep BLACKBIRD. Swamp 
Brackzirp. ¢ glossy (not iridescent) black, lesser wing covers 
scarlet, with buffy and paler edgings; 9 dusky, streaked; young 
é& streaked, with rusty on bend of wing. L. 9. W. 5. T. 4. 
U.S., everywhere abundant. (qowikeos, phenician-red.) 
467. STURNELLA Vieillot. (Lat., dim. of sturna, starling.) 
884. S. magna (L.). MeapowLarx. Brownish and much 
streaked above; chiefly yellow below, a black crescent on breast; 
yellow of throat not encroaching on cheeks; sides and crissum 
buffy. L.10. W.5. T. 34. E.N. Am., very abundant. (Lat., 
large, as compared with the sky-lark.) 
885. S. neglecta (Audubon). WxstERN MEapow1ark. Very 
similar, the colors duller and paler, the yellow of throat encroach- 
ing on sides of lower jaw; sides and crissum nearly white. W.N. 
Am., E. to Ill.; almost exactly like the other, but the song quite 
different, thrush-like; now regarded as a subspecies. 
468. ICTERUS Brisson. (ikrepos, yellow.) 
u. Depth of bill at base not half its length above. (Jcterus.) 
886. I. spurius (L.). Orcuarp Or1oLE. ¢ black; rump, 
bend of wing and lower parts deep chestnut; 9 yellowish olive, 
quite small; young yellow, with various black or chestnut traces; 
young ¢ often yellowish, with black throat-patch. L.7. W. 3}. 
T. 3. E.U.S., common southerly; a fine singer and an artist in 
nest-building. 
aa. Depth of bill at base half its length. (Yphantes Vieillot.) 
887. I. galbula (L.). BaLTImoRE ORIOLE. GOLDEN Rosin. 
Fire Birp. Black; bend of wing, rump, most tail feathers, and 
under parts from the breast orange of varying intensity; 9 duller, 
olivaceous and yellow. L. 73. W.3%. T.3. E. N. Am., abun- 
dant; noted for its elaborate hanging nest as well as for its song. 
(Lat., name of some bird.) 
469. SCOLECOPHAGUS Swainson. (oxodAné, worm; 
ddyos, eater.) 
888. S. carolinus (Miller). Rusty Gracxie. Rusty Biack- 
BIRD. gf glossy black becoming rusty in autumn; 9 dusky, lus- 
treless. L.94. W.4% T.4. E.U.S. 
