282 AVES : PASSERES. — XLVI. 
along side of bill); (tail feathers without white; tail coverts rosy); 
hind claw moderate... .« . «+ Leucosticre, 475. 
Jj. Base of gonys as near tip of lower mandible as to its base on the 
side; (tail largely white; plumage with much white and no rosy); 
hind claw very long, nearly as long as bill. 
PAassERINA, 478, 
ti, Birds of small size, the wing less than 33; tail forked. 
k. Nasal tufts very long, nearly 3 length of bill; (tail feathers with- 
out white or yellow; adults with red)... . Acanruts, 476, 
kk. Nasal tufts short or obsolete, not } length of bill; (tail feathers 
blotched with white or yellow; adults with yellow but no red); 
sexes unlike (ASTRAGALINUS) or alike. . . . Sprnus, 477. 
hh. Wing not five times as long as tarsus. 
i. First (developed) primary not shorter than fourth; (back 
streaked). 
m, Depth of bill at base about equal to length of (exposed) cul- 
men; nostrils with a small ruff; (plumage streaked above 
and below; ¢' with red; no white on tail). 
Carpopacus, 473. 
mm. Depth of bill at base less than length of culmen; (no red; 
tail with white). 
n. Tail emarginate, the middle feathers narrow and pointed 
at tip; hind claw very long and straightish, nearly as long 
as bill. 
v. Gonys shorter than hind toe without claw and not more 
than depth of bill, . . . . . . Cawcartus, 479. 
vo. Gonys longer than hind toe and greater than depth of 
bill, . 2. . 2. © . . . » RayncopHanss, 480. 
nn. Tail rounded; the middle feathers broad and rounded at 
tip; hind toe short, curved... . . CHONDESTES, 483. 
i, First (developed) primary shorter than fourth; bill very stout; 
(plumage with red or yellow). . . . . HrpyYMELEs, 492, 
gg. Primaries not much longer than secondaries (exceeding them by less than 
length of’ tarsus); (no red). 
. p. Bill very stout ; its depth at base nearly equal to hind 
toe with claw; (gf with blue). . . Gurraca, 493. 
pp. Bill more slender, not as above. 
q. Tail-feathers narrow, at least the middle ones acu- 
minate; (back streaked). 
rv. Middle toe with claw decidedly shorter than tarsus ; 
(outer tail feathers with white; bend of wing 
chestnut), . . . . « + +» Poacetes, 481. 
rr. Middle toe with claw not shorter than tarsus; 
(outer tail feathers without white markings; 
edge of wing yellow). 
&. (Breast with yellow ; throat with more or less 
black; plumage not streaked below in ¢). 
Spiza, 495. 
ss. (Breast without yellow ; throat without black; 
plumage streaked below.) 
AMMODRAMUS, 482. 
qq. Tail feathers broader, not acuminate (except in 
worn plumage). 
t. Hind claw decidedly longer than its toe. 
