284 AVES: PASSERES. — XLVI. 
473. CARPODACUS! Kaup. (kxapmds, fruit; Sdkos, biting.) 
894. C. purpureus (Gmelin). PurpLe Fincn. Everywhere 
streaky; ¢ flushed with red, most intense on the crown, fading 
below and behind; ? olive brown and streaky, with no red; bill 
stout. L. 6. W. 34. T. 24. N. Am, a sweet singer. (Lat., 
purple, which the bird is not.) 
474. LOXIA Linneus, (Aogés, crooked.) 
a. Wing with white. 
895. L. leucoptera Gmelin. Wuire Wincep CrosssiLt. 
& rose red; two white wing bars; scapulars black; 9 brownish 
olive, speckled with dusky; rump yellow. L.6}. W. 34. T. 2}. 
N. N. Am., S. in winter, with the next, less common; variable. 
(Aeuxos, white; mrepdv, wing.) 
aa. Wing with no white. 
896. L. curvirostra L. Rep Crosspity. ¢ brick-red; wings 
dusky, unmarked; 9 brownish, washed with greenish yellow. 
L. 6. W. 3}. T. 24. Northern regions, about pine woods; S. 
in winter, sometimes in large flocks, to Tenn. and Va. (Eu.) 
The rather small form in E. U.S. is var. minor Brehm. The sin- 
gular bill is adapted for opening nuts. (Lat., curve-bill.) 
475, LEUCOSTICTE Swainson. (Aeuxds; white; orterds, 
spotted.) 
897. L. tephrocotis Swainson. Cinnamon-brown; head more 
or less ashy gray; nasal tufts white; quills dusky; tail coverts 
edged with rose pink in adult. L.6. W.4. T.3, Rocky Mts, 
E. to Iowa. (repos, gray ; ods, ear.) 
476. ACANTHIS Bechstein. (dxav6is, thistle-bird.) 
a. Crown red in both sexes, crimson in ¢, lustrous brownish-red in 3; 
chin blackish; no yellow. 
898. A. hornemanni (Holbdll). GREENLAND REeppoty. Sides 
and rump scarcely streaked; colors very pale. with breast 
merely pinkish. L.5. W.3. T. 24. Greenland; the small var. 
exilipes (Coues) 5S, to N. U.S. in winter. (To J. W. Hornemann.) 
899. A. linaria (L.). Rep Porn Linnet. Throat, breast 
and rump rosy in ¢; much streaked above and on sides; rump 
1 In the vicinity of Carpodaeus belongs the Old World genus :— 
Passer Brisson. P. domesticus (L.). European House Sparrow. df chestnut 
brown above, thickly streaked ; ashy below ; throat, lores and chin black; 9 duller, 
without black; feet small. L.6. W. 2%. T. 24. Introduced from Europe; abun- 
dant in all towns E., a nuisance unfortunately long past the possibility of abatement. 
( Eu.) 
P. montanus (L.). EUROPEAN TREE SpakRow, Smaller; g' with black of throat 
not continued over chest ; top of head liver-brown. L. 54. W. 22. T. 23. Europe, 
naturalized about St. Louis. : 
