CERVIDA. — CXCV. 337 
586. MEGAPTERA Gray. (yéya, large; mrepov, fin.) 
1116. M. nodosa (Bonnaterre). Hump-sack WHALE. Body 
short, thick, with humps and protuberances; skin often covered 
with barnacles. L.50 to 75 feet; color usually black. N. Atl, 
formerly common. (WM. osphyia Cope.) (Eu.) (Lat., with nodes 
or lumps.) Allied to this species is the Hump-back whale of the 
Pacific, M. versabilis Cope. 
587. BALZINA Linneus. (Lat., whale.) 
1117. B. glacialis Bonnaterre. Rigut WHALE, of the At- 
lantic. Buack Wuatxz. The common large whale of our Eastern 
coasts and the North Atlantic generally, occasionally S. to. S, C. 
Color black. L. 40 feet. (Hu.) 
In the Arctic seas occurs the great Bowhead, B. mysticetus L., 
the most valuable of the whales, reaching a length of 50 or 60 feet, 
yielding 200 to 300 barrels of oil and from 1 to 2 tons of whalebone. 
Orpver LIT. UNGULATA. (THe Hoorep Mammats.) 
Herbivorous mammals provided with 1 to 4 enlarged and thick- 
ened claws or hoofs on each foot ; molar teeth adapted for grind- 
ng. The anatomical characters of this well-known and varied 
group are too numerous to be here summarized. The order is 
usually subdivided into the Perissodactyli, or odd-toed ungulates, 
and the Artiodactyli, or even-toes. The former group is exempli- 
fied by the Horse (Equus caballus L.), the Ass (Asinus asinus L.), 
the Rhinoceros, and the Tapir. The Artiodactyli are again sub- 
divided into the non-ruminating, omnivorous, hornless, naked or 
bristly allies of the Common Hog and Wild Boar (Sus scrofa), and 
the group of Pecora (Ruminants). To the latter belong all the 
living ungulates occurring within our limits. (Lat., ungulatus, 
hoofed.) 
Families of Ungulata. 
a. Feet bifid; first toe wanting; second and fourth rudimentary. (Artio- 
dactyli. 
b HS compound, of 3 or 4 compartments; horns usually present. 
(Pecora.) 
c. Upper jaw without incisors, in the adult. 
d. Horns solid, usually branching, deciduous. . . . CeERvIDm, 195. 
dd. Horns hollow at base, branched, deciduous. ANTILOCAPRID&, 196. 
ddd. Horns permanent, hollow, each enclosing a process of the frontal 
bone. « 6s 6 6 ee ew ee we oe ew hw + BOVIDH, 197, 
Famity CXCV. CERVIDA. (Tue Derr.) 
Horns deciduous, solid, developed from the frontal bone, more 
or less branched, covered at first by a soft, hairy integument, 
known as “velvet;”’ when the horns attain their full size, which 
they do in a very short time, there arises at the base of each a ring 
of tubercles known as the “burr;” this compresses and finally ob- 
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