vili CONTENTS 



V. THE SUNFISH AND THE SPARROW 

 The sunfish, 54. — The English sparrow, 58. 



VI. THE MOTIONS OF ANIMALS AND THE SKELETON AND 



MUSCLES 



Motion and locomotion, 64. — Muscles and skeleton, 68. 



VII. HOW ANIMALS CHANGE FOOD AND AIR INTO FLESH 



AND ENERGY 



Necessity of oxygen and food, 77. — How animals breathe, 79. — How 

 animals obtain and digest food, 86. — How the blood circulates. 93. 



VIII. HOW ANIMALS KNOW THINGS AND CONTROL THEIR 



MOTIONS 



The central nervous system, 100. — The special senses and their organs, 

 103- 



PART III 



VARIOUS KINDS OF ANIMALS AND THEIR LIFE 



IX. THE AMCEBA, HYDRA, AND OTHER SIMPLE ANIMALS 



Amceba, 114. — (Jther one-celled animals, 116. - Ocean Protozoa, 119. — 

 Hydra, 122. 



X. OCEAN ANIMALS: SPONGES, SEA-ANEMONES, JELLY FISHES, 

 CORALS, STARFISHES, OYSTERS, CLAMS, AND SEA-SHELLS 



Sponges, 125. — Sea-anemones and corals, 126 — Jellyfishes, 131. — Star- 

 fishes and sea-urchins, 134. — Oysters, clams, and sea-shells, 139. 



XI. WORMS, CRAYFISHES, CENTIPEDS, AND OTHER SMALL 



LAND ANIMALS 



Earthworms and leeches, 144. — Vinegar-eels, hair-worms, an<l trichinae, 

 146. — The crayfish, 149. — Lobsters and crabs, 154. — Pill-bugs and water- 

 fleas, 157. — Thousand-legged worms and centipeds, 159. 



xii. insf;cts 



Pond and brook insects, 163. — Moths anil butterflies, 171. — Apliids, ants, 

 and aphis-lions, 174. — Cicadas, katyili<ls, ciickels, and the sounds ot in- 

 sects, 179. — The solitary bees and digger-wasps, 182. 



