IX 



XIII.— SPIDERS AND THEIR WEB-MAKING 



Collecting spiders, 190. — Tlie make-up of the spider body, 192. — The 

 hunting spiders, 193, — The web-weaving spiders, 196.-— Life-history of 

 spiders, 207. 



XIV.— FISHES, BATRACHIANS, AND REPTILES 

 The fishes, 210.^ — The batrachians, 215. — The reptiles, 219. 



XV.— BIRDS 



The English sparrow, 230. — The beginning study of birds, 231. — Classi- 

 fication and identification, 233. — Birds and the seasons, 238. — Structure 

 and habit, 244. — Feeding habits, economics, and protection of birds, 250. 



XVI,— MAMMALS 



The house mouse, 254. — Classification, 256. — The opossums and kanga- 

 roos (Marsupialia), 256. — The rodents and gnawers (Glires), 258. — The 

 shrews and moles (Insectivora), 261. — The bats (Chiroptera), 261. — The 

 dolphins, porpoises, and whales (Cete), 262. — The hoofed mammals (Ungu- 

 lata), 263. — The carnivorous mammals (Ferae), 266. — The man-like mam- 

 mals (Primates), 269. 



PART IV 



ANIMALS IN RELATION TO EACH OTHER, AND TO 

 THE OUTSIDE WORLD 



XVII.— THE STRUGGLE FOR FOOD AND ROOM, AND SPECIAL 

 MEANS FOR FOOD-GETTING AND PROTECTION 



The multiplication of animals, 273.— The struggle to live, 274.— Se- 

 lection by nature, 275. — Special means to get food, 275 Special means 



for protection, 277. — Examples to be looked for by pupils, 279. 



XVIIL— THE COLORS AND MARKINGS OF ANIMALS, AND 

 THEIR USES 



The scales and colors of butterflies' wings, 281. — Colors of other animals, 



285. Uses of color, 285.— Special protective resemblance, 287.— Warning 



colors, 288. — Mimicry, 291. — Other uses of color and marking not yet 

 understood, 291. 



XIX.— ANIMAL PARASITES 

 Degeneration of parasites, 293.— Internal parasites, 295.— Parasitic in- 

 sects, 297. 



