350 XEW EXGLAXD TREICS IX WIXTER. 



RED PINE 

 Norway Pine. 



Pinus resinosa Ait. 



HATtIT — A tree 50-7.^ ft. in heig"ht with a trunk diameter of 2-3 ft., in 

 Maine, rearhin^- a heig:ht of over 100 fi.; trunk erect, concinuous into the 

 crown' with stuut spreading- brancdies often dependent and ascending- at 

 their tips, more distinctly whorled than in the Pitch Pine, in young- trees 

 clothing the trunk to the grround. forming: a broadly pyramidal head 

 becoming irregularly ruund-topped with age. Foliage in long flexible 

 dark green tufts. 



BARK — Pveddish-brown, with shallow flat ridges, separating off in 

 irregular thin flaky scales. 



TWIGS — Stout, light reddish brown, not downy, roughened by decur- 

 rent scales subtendilig leaf clusters especially coward base of each year's 

 gro^'th. 



LEAVKS — In clusters of 2. with long persistent sheaths, dark 

 grreen shining, 3-6 inrh^s long, slender, soft, flexible, flattened on one 

 side, rounded on the other, with pointed tip. iMICROSCOPIC SECTION 

 — -showing 2 fibre- vascular bundles, peripheral res in -ducts, a 

 single layer of strengthening cells beneath the epidermis and aruund the 

 resin-ducts, stomata all around. 



BVDS — Oblong to conical, pointed ; scales reddish-brown. 



FRUIT — Cones about 2 inches long, without stalks, ovate-conical, 

 "U'hen opened more or less splierical. making a right an,g"le "U'ith the stem, 

 ripened cones remaining vn the tree i:luring "U'inier. SCALES — thickened 

 at apex but \^uthout spines or prickers. 



COMPARISON'*! — The Red Pine with two long needles in a cluster is 

 not to be confused with our native New England Pines. It resembles 

 however, the Austrian Pine, but may be distinguished from this species 

 by its more slender flexible needles (.see under Austrian Pine). 



DISTRTBITIOX — In poor soils: sandy plains, dry woods. Newfound- 

 land and New Bruns^^■iL■k, through o tit (Quebec and Ontariri, to tlie 

 southern end of Lake "Winnipeg: south to Pennsylvania; west through 

 Michigan and Wisconsin to Minnesota. 



IN NEW ENGLAND — Maine — common, plains. Brunswick. (Cum- 

 berland count;- ) ; "n-oods, Bristol ( Lin<?oln county." ) ; from Amherst 

 (western part of Hancock county) and Clifton (southeastern part of 

 Penobscot county) northward just east of the Penobscot river the 

 predominant tree, generally on dr\- ridges and eskers. btit in Green- 

 bush, and Passadunkeag growing abundantly on peat bogs with Black 

 Spruce: hillsides and lower mountains about Moosehead. scattered: New 

 Hampshire — ranges with the Pitch Pine as far north as the White 

 Mountains, but is less common, usually in groves of a few to several 

 hundred acres in extent; Vermont — less common than the White or 

 the Pitch Pine, but not rare; Massachusetts — still more local, in sta- 

 tions widely separated, single trees or small groups; Rhode Island — occa- 

 sional. 



IN CONNECTICUT — Rare or local; Granby, Salisbury. 



AVOOD — Light, hard, very close-grained, pale red. with thin yellow 

 often nearly white sapwoijd; largely used in the construction of bridges 

 and buildings, for piles, masts and spars. The bark is occasionally used 

 for tanning leather. 



