352 XEAV EXGLAXD TREES IX WIXTER. 



AUSTRIAN PINE 



Black Pine. 



Pinus Laricio, var. austriaca Endl. 



HABIT — A tall tree reaching- 60-SO ft. in heig-ht: trunk erect contin- 

 U'-'Lis into the crown, branches in ^'oung- trees regularly whorled, foliage 

 in rigid dark green tufts. 



BARI-v — Grayish-bro^vn, roughened "U'lth scalj" ridges, reddish-brown 

 within. 



TAVIGS — Stout, yellowish -bro'n'n, not d'i'^u-ny. rousrhened by decurrent 

 scales subt-i-nding leaf-clusters especially toward base of each year's 

 growth. 



LKAVES — In clusters of 2, with relatively short persistent sheaths, 

 dark dullish green. 3-5 inches long, rigid, flattened on one side, rounded 

 on the other. sharp-pointed. MICROSCOPIC SECTIOX — showing 

 2 fibro-vascular bundles, resin-ducts located intermediate between 

 bundles and periphery, strengthening cells bir-neath the epidermis in 

 patches several layers thick also surrounding the resin-ducts and on 

 one side of the fibro-vascular bundles, stomal a all around. 



BUDS — C'blong-conical, pointed, sometimes covered with a white resin. 



FRUIT — (^ones 2U-3 inches long-, without stalks, ovate-conical, becom- 

 ing broarll\- ovate when opened, making about a right angle with the 

 stem. SCALES — thickened at apex, generally with a short dull spine. 



C(nrPARISO\S — The Austrian Pine resembles most closely the Red 

 Pine amiing- our New England speiies. The stiff character of its 

 sharp-pointed leaves in distinction to the soft flexible leaves of the 

 Red Pine ma^' be obser\'ed b\' striking the open hand against a tuft 

 of the needles. The ^v inter twigs of the Austrian Pine are \'ellou'ish- 

 brown. those of the Red Pine are bright red. The microscopic sections 

 of the leaves of the two speries are very distinct. 



DISTRIBTTIOX — A native of Europe but frequently cultivated in 

 this country as an ornamental tree and t'> some extent used in forest 

 planting. 



"WOOD — Light, soft, rirh in turpentine and very durable. In Europe 

 the wood is used as a building timber and turpentine is obtained from 

 the tree. 



