394 XE^iV EXGLAXD TREES IX WIXTEE,. 



CAROLINA POPLAR 



Cottonwood, Necklace Poplar. 



Populus deltoides Marsh. 

 P. monilifera Ait. ; P. canadensis INIoench. 



HABIT — A large tree, the_ largest of the Poplars. 75-100 ft. in height 



■u'lth a trunk diameter of S-o ft.; lo-n-er branches massive nearly horizon- 

 tal, those abo\"e arising at a sharper angle and forming altogether in old 

 trees a broad-spreading, rather open head, often as broad as high; in 

 j'ounger individuals forming a niore pyramidal head; of verj- rapid 

 growth hence much planted for quick effects. The form cultivated under 

 the name Carolina Poplar and considered by some distinct from the 

 Cottonwood, is of pyramidal habit of growth "with erect tapering trunk 

 continuous to the top of the tree and producing branches in whorls at 

 the upper limit of each year's growth. The figures in the plate were all 

 taken from the more commonly cultivated form. 



B.-VRK — On young trunks and branches thin, smooth, light yellowish- 

 green. <Jn c'lder trunks thick, ash>--gray. deeply divided into long, 

 broad, flattish or e"\-entually rounded ridges of characteristic appearance 

 in nati^■e-grown trees. 



TAVIGS — Stout. 3^ellowish to greenish-yellow, smooth, round or marked 

 especially on "\-igorous trees with more or less prominent wings running 

 down from the two sides and bases of the leaf-scars. LEXTICELS — 

 large, pale, elongated longitudinally. 



LEAF-SCARS — Alternate, more than 2-ranked. large, 3-lobed. inver- 

 selv triangular. STIPE'LE-SCARS — generally conspicuous, blackish. 

 BUNDLE-SCARS — 3, simple or compound. 



Bl'DS — Conical, large, the lateral buds reaching 15 mm. and the 

 terminal buds reaching 20 mm. in len,gth. freciuently much smaller; 

 lateral buds. especialU' the larger flo'wer buds, generally di\'ergent and 

 often stronglj' recur^■ed; terminal bud more or less distinctly ,-i-sided. 

 BLTD-SCALiES — smooth, light chestnut brown, shining; first scale of 

 lateral bud anterior; outer scales slightly resinous-sticky, inner scales 

 thickly coated with a light yellow sticky resin which is scarcely fra- 

 grant. 



COJtPARISOXS — The Carolina Poplar is distinguished from our 

 other I'oplars except the L,ombardy Poplar by its light yellow twigs. 

 The Lombardy has somewhat similar twigs but they are more slender, 

 the buds are generally much smaller and typically appressed. Appressed 

 buds do occur on the Carolina Poplar and divergent buds on the 

 Lombardy but they are more typical on each tree as indicated. The 

 distinct liabit of the Lombardy Poplar is however a sufhcient criterion 

 of this latter species. 



mSTRIBl'TIOX — In moist soil, river banks and basins, shores of lakes, 

 not uncommon in drier locations, often cultivated. Throughout Quebec 

 and Ontario to the base of the Rocky mountains; south to Florida; west 

 to the Rocky mountains. 



IN NEW ENGLAND — Maine — not reported; New Hampshire — restricted 

 to the immediate A'icinity of the Connecticut ri^'er, disappearing near 

 the northern part of ^A'est moreland ; ^'ermont — western sections, abun- 

 dant along the shores of the Hoosac river in Pownal and along Lake 

 Champlain; in the Connecticut valley as far north as Brattleboro; 

 Massachusetts — along the Connecticut and its tributaries; Rhode Island 

 — occasional. 



TX CONNECTICUT — Frequent In the valleys of the Connecticut. 

 Farmingt'>n. and Housatonic ri\"ers; rare or occasicmal elsewhere. 



AAXK>D — Dark brown, with thick nearly ^^-hite sapwood, ligiit and soft, 

 "warping badl\" in drying and difficult to season, used for ijaper pulp 

 iind in the manufacture of boxes. 



