Various Anti-Darwinian Views 
long, although among those who formulate 
them are to be found some eminent men of 
science. 
Delage alleges that selection is powerless to form 
species, its function is, according to him, limited 
to the suppression of variations radically bad, 
and to the maintaining of a species in its normal 
character. It is thus an inimical factor in evolu- 
tion, a retarder rather than an accelerator of 
species-change. It merely acts by preserving 
the type at the expense of the variants, and so 
acts as a brake on evolution. 
Korschinsky, while possibly not denying that 
selection occurs in nature, declares that its 
influence on evolution is zz/, or, if it has any 
influence, that it is a hindering one. 
Eimer similarly denies any capacity on the 
part of natural selection to create species. 
Pfeffer urges a very different objection. He 
says that if such a force as natural selection 
existed it would transform species much more 
rapidly than it does! 
Now, in order that the above objections can 
carry any weight, one of two sets of conditions 
must be fulfilled. 
Either all organisms must be perfectly adapted 
to their environment, and this environment must 
never change, or there must be inherent in each 
species a kind of growth-force which impels 
the species to develop in certain fixed directions. 
c 33 
