1 ISEASES OF RESPIRATORY PASSAGES AND ORGANS 107 
and tvnd to effect chemical changes in the blood. The most valu- 
able agent, in this view, is carbonate of ammonia. In veterinary 
practive this agent is considered as one of the most valuable diffu- 
sible stimulants. It acts first on the nerves of the stomach, and 
through them excites the whole nervous system. It may be given 
in doses from one to three drachms, either in the form of bolus or 
drench. Its stimulating influence over the heart and nervous sys- 
tem may be increased by the addition of one or more drachms of 
good Jamaica ginger. This treatment may be continued until 
congestiou subsides, which may be known by the fullness of pulse 
and heat of the external surface of the body, and by other symp- 
toms which usually attend fever in its inflammatory stage. 
The exciting or stimulating plan of treatment must never be 
entirely abandoned. To husband the powers of the system, and 
thus guard against subsequent prostration, must be our chief object. 
Although the case may require a sedative to-day, in the form of 
two or three drachms of fluid extract of gelseminum, yet, in the 
course of a very few hours, the prostration becomes so apparent that 
we are again compelled to exhibit life-sustaining agents. Excit- 
ants, or counter-excitants, are also, at times, needed externally. 
Tf the patient has a deep-seated cough, strong liniment, composed 
of oil of hartshorn (and sometimes oil of camphor), must be applied. 
Often J anoint the parts with a thick paste, composed of mustard 
and vinegar. The membranes of the fauces (throat) aie exces- 
sively sore; then the same course has to be pursued. At the same 
time, a mucilaginous drink, composed of flaxseed sweetened with 
honey, must be allowed. The nervous system must also be aroused 
by the application of the above liniment to the spinal colump 
At another stage of the malady, diaphoresis (increased perspiration) 
must be excited by clothing the body with flannel, and drenching 
with a preparation known as solution of acetate of ammonia, te 
the amount of six or eight ounces per day, until the skin feels soft 
and warm. In case edema (local dropsy) of the body or extremi 
ties sets in, the patient then requires diuretics. One or two ounces 
of sweet spirits of niter, or two ounces fluid extract of buchu, may 
be given in linseed tea, until the kidneys respond, and the secretion 
of urine becomes augmented. The bowels are sometimes inactive, 
out that inactivity may be corrected by adding to a bran-mash 
from for to six drachms of fluid extract of mandrake. Ovca- 
viop’’ re patient becomes uneasy, paws with his fore-feet, and 
