112 DADD’S VETER_NARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 
acquire: a horny feel, and turns brown; the gums and teeth are 
covered with a dingy slime. Bleeding from the nose, which mostly 
appears during the inflammatory stage, now returns. The pulse 
becomes irregular and more feeble; edema, sometimes consider- 
able, of the extremities; great debility. The temperature of the 
body sinks. The neck, belly, flanks, axilla, and groins become 
covered with cold and clammy sweats; the tympanitis increases, 
the evacuations being bloody and fetid to a remarkable degree. 
The animal, continually in pain, exhibits symptoms of colic, often 
seeking to lie down; but if he does, he soon rises again. Respi- 
ration greatly accelerated ; nostrils widely dilated ; pulsations of 
the heart tumultuous. At length, beginning to stagger, he falls, 
either to die an easy death or to expire amid agonizing convulsions. 
When, however, recovery in place of death follow>, such symp- 
toms as we have last detailed do not occur, or with only modified 
force and character. When blood has been drawn for experiment, 
under such circumstances, at a time when adynamic and biliary 
symptoms prevailed, it has been found to contain but little hema- 
tosine, but, on the contrary, a large proportion of serum, of a light 
greenish hue. ‘The disease may last from four, seven, or eight ta 
thirty days. Relapse is extremely likely, even uvder every pros- 
pect of convalescence, unless great care be taken. The diagnosis 
at the commencement is difficult, even impossible, when the char- 
acteristic symptoms are but scantily and imperfectly developed. 
The affections whose symptoms most resemble those of the dis- 
ease before us are plegmasia of the intestinal tube, and particular 
of the brain. Should sudamina be detected, they are, as in human 
medicine, to be regarded as definitely characteristic of typhoid 
fever. Prognosis, for the most part, unfavorable; and the more 
so accordiug as the nervous accompaniments are more numerous, 
more violent, and more early in showing themselves; the stupor 
great, the strength failing more, the pulse faltering, the diarrhea 
greater, more bloody, fetid, <tc. 
Our etiology is all at fault. In truth, we know not the deter- 
mining cause of typhus. ‘The post-mortem states are by no means 
agreed upon by those who have reported them. Most agree that 
the digestive canal exhibits the most constant and marked symp- 
toms of disorder. ‘The mouth presents marks of inflammation, 
and, on occasions, aphthe or ulcerations, though commonly too su- 
perficial to destroy the living membrane. The pharynx sometimes 
