DISEASES OF RESPIRATORY PASSAGES AND ORGANS. 125 
merous bands of lymph, on the inner surface, of a bright yellow 
color. Several small patches of inflammation were likewise ob- 
served on the ventricles of the heart, near the valves of this 
organ. The heart itself was also larger than usual, and much 
softened. 
HEAVES. 
A disease prevails among horses, more particularly in the 
Eastern States, known as heaves. The affected animal heaves at 
the flanks, or, rather, performs what is known as abdominal respi- 
ration, by bringing into play, at the moment of expiration, the 
abdominal muscles, for the purpose of aiding the lungs and dia- 
phragm in the function of expiration and respiration. The 
disease somewhat resembles asthma, it being of a spasmodic 
character, and after continuing for some time, will suddenly 
disappear. The disease may be defined as being great diffi- 
culty in breathing ; continuous ; aggravated, by dust on the road, 
musty hay, improper provender, impure air, and sudden atmos- 
pheric changes. On applying the ear in the region of bronchi, 
or to the upper sides of the chest, a wheezing sound of respira- 
tion is heard. These symptoms, together with the heaving motion . 
at the flanks, constitutes heaves. When the disease is merely 
functional—that is to say, brought on by feeding musty hay and 
musty clover—a cure is affected by feeding prairie hay, which 
contains the well-known silphyum, ‘‘ resin weed.’’ The husband- 
men who reside in the vicinity of where the resin weed grows 
are well acquainted with the properties of this plant, and they 
declare that it is a specific for the treatment of asthma or heaves. 
I have used the article in the form of fluid extract, prepared from 
the root, and I find it to be a very valuable remedy. The dose 
of the fluid extract is two ounces, morning and evening. There 
are some cases, however, which are incurable, owing to organic 
disease of the bronchi, or rupture of air-cells in the lungs. Such 
cases are known by the unnatural respiration when the horse is 
drawing a heavy load or traveling up hill. His breathing is then 
very distressing, and he not only brings into play the abdominal 
muscles, but also the muscles of the chest (intercostals). Such 
cases, although considered incurable, may be palliated by the daily 
use of fluid extract of resin weed. Provided prairie hay can not 
be obtained as food, the ordinary hay used should be sprinkled 
