224 DADD’S VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 
tlm tea. Soon the inflammatory symptoms will subside, the patient 
will manifest some relief from pain, and the color of the urine will 
change, become lighter and thicker in consistence. We then dis- 
continue the above treatment, and administer one ounce of fluid 
extract of buchu, morning and evening. This treatment, aided by 
rest and good nursing, usually completes the cure. 
Should it be suspected that the animal has a fit of pain, caused 
by the “gravel,” or passage or presence of urinary calculi, then 
(wo irachms of muriatie acid should be mixed in the ordinary 
drink, every time the animal is watered. He should also have a 
small quantity of powdered slippery-elm or flaxseed mixed with 
the food. Horses the subjects of urinary calculi pass urine which, 
en being caught in an earthen vessel, deposits phosphates and other 
earthy matter. When this occurs, and the animal has a fit of pain 
or gravel, we may infer, in the absence of more positive proof, that 
urinary calculi are present in some portion of the urinary apparatus. 
INFLAMMATION OF THE BLADDER (CYSTITIS). 
The principal symptom of inflammation of the bladder is fre- 
quent urination, accompanied by straining and pain. Sometimes 
the urine dribbles away, involuntarily or not, as the case may be. 
It appears that the least distension of the bladder causes pain; 
hence the effort to keep it empty. The urine is usually high- 
colored, or, rather, of a dull red color. The animal stands with 
his hind limbs widely separated. The treatment is precisely the 
same as that just recommended for inflammation of the kidneys. 
STONE IN THE BLADDER. 
One very remarkable symptom attending the presence of calcu- 
tus, or stone in the bladder, is, that after the urine is voided there 
comes a painful sensation, which causes the horse to groan. This 
is caused by the walls of the bladder coming forcibly in contact 
with the calculus, which is now a foreign body. Occasionally the 
horse is urinating a full stream, when, all at once, the stream is 
suddenly arrested, the anima] still straining until urination again 
commences. This is a pretty sure sign of stone in the bladder. 
Stones that have been taken from the bladder, after death, present 
a highly -polished surface; hence they do not produce that amoun# 
