240 DADD'S VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 
more than the twitch; and some horses may be quieted, when ths 
pain is not excessive, by holding the ear in one hand, and rubbing 
the point of the nose with the other. A soothing manner will 
often engage the attention and prevent violence; but it is seldom 
that either threats or punishment render an unruly horse more 
calm. Inexperienced persons guard themselves only against the 
hind legs; but they should be aware that some horses strike ter- 
ribly with their fore-feet. It is prudent, therefore, in all opera- 
tions, to blindfold the animal, as, by this, he becomes particulaaly 
intimidated, and if he strikes he can not aim. When one of the 
fore extremities requires a very minute examination, it is prudent 
to have the opposite leg held up (it may, in some cases, be tied); 
and when one of the hinder feet is the object of attention, the fore 
one of the same side should be held up, as, by this means, the ami- 
mal is commonly prevented from striking. If this precaution be 
not taken, still observe to keep one hand on the hock, while the 
other is employed in what is necessary, by which means, if the 
foot become elevated to kick, sufficient warning is given, and the 
very action of the horse throws the operator away from the stroke. 
Without the use of these arts, the practitioner will expese himself 
to much risk. The TREVIs is the very utmost limit of restraint, 
and is seldom used save by smiths, to shoe very violent and power- 
ful horses, Whenever recourse is had to it, the greatest caution is 
necessary to bed and bolster all the parts that are likely to come 
in contact with the body. On the Continent we have seen horses 
shod in this machine, and apparently put into it from no necessity 
greater than to prevent the clothes of the smith from being dirtied, 
Horses have been destroyed by the trevis, as well as by casting; 
or their aversion to the restraint has been such, they have died 
from the consequences of their own resistance. - The sIDE-LINE is 
now very generally used, not only in minor operations, but also in 
those more important. Many veterinarians do not use any other 
restraint than this, in which they consider there is safety both to 
the horse and to the operator. It is applicable to such horses as 
are disposed to strike behind, and consists in placing a hobble-strap 
around the pastern of one hind leg, and then carrying from a web 
collar, passed over the head, the end of a rope through the D of the 
hobble, and back again under the webbing round the neck. A 
man is then set to pull at the free end of the rope, by which the 
hinder leg is drawn forward without elevating it from tle ground 
