SURGIVAL OPERATIONS. 241 
By this dispiacement of one leg the horse is effectually secured 
from kicking with either. Occasionally it is thus applied: hobblea 
are put on both hind legs, and the rope is passed through each of 
the rings. According to this last method, the horse 3 actually 
cast, as he must fall when the ropes are pulled. Take a.ong rope, 
and tie a loop in the middle, which is to be of such a size as it may 
erve for a collar; pass the loop over the head, letting the knot reat 
apon the withers; then take the free ends, pass them through the 
aobbies, and bring it under the loop. Let two men pull at the 
ropes, and the hind legs will be drawn forward. 
CASTING. 
The objections to this practice arise from the dangers incurred 
by forcing the horse to the ground. Mr. Bracy Clark simplified 
casting by inventing sume patent hobbles, having a running chaia 
instead of rope, and which, by a shifting D, made the loosening of 
all the hobbles, for the purpose of getting at a particular leg, 
annecessary. ‘These were still further improved by Mr. Budd, so 
as (9 render a release from all the hobbles at once practicable. 
Hobble leathers and ropes should be kept supple and pliant with 
oil, and ought to be always examined previous to using ; nor should 
the D or ring of the stinp be of any other metal than iron. Brass, 
however thick, is brittle, and not to be depended on. To the D 
ring, or ring of one pastern hobble, a chain of about four feet long 
is attached ; to this a strong rope is well fastened, and, according to 
the way the horse is to be thrown, this hobble is to be fixed on the 
fore-foot of the contrary side. The rope is then passed from the 
hobble on the fore-foot to the D of the hind foot of that side, ther 
to the other hind foot, and, lastly, through the D of the other fore- 
foot. After this, much of the ease and safety of the throw depends 
on bringing the legs as near together as possible. This should be 
done by gradually moving them nearer to each other, without 
alarming the horse, which will very much facilitate the business, 
and is really of more moment than is generally imagined. A space 
sufficiently large should be chosen for the purpose of casting, as 
some horses struggle much, and throw themselves with great vio- 
lence a considerable way to one side or the other; and they are 
able to do this if the feet have not been brought near together pre- 
vious to attempting the cast. The place should be also very well 
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