254 DADD’S VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 
the part immediately covered by the muscular envelope, and which 
here is bulbous (it is more particularly worthy our remark, fron 
two arteries penetrating the bulb, which come from without um 
pelvis, ascending obliquely outward to reach the part); 5th, the 
suspensory ligaments of the penis, pursuing the course of, and ad 
hering to, the tendinous union of the erectores. An attention to 
the relative position of these parts will demonstrate the advantages 
+f the lateral oblique incision over one made directly along the 
raphe. By pursuing the latter, we necessarily cut through tht 
suspensory ligaments and into the bulb, wounding thereby the 
arteries ; whereas, by the former, all this danger is avoided, beside 
that it renders the operation more simple and facile. 
TRACHEOTOMY (CUTTING INTO THE WINDPIPE). 
Cases occur when this operation is required, as in strangles, 
when the tumors threaten suffocation, or when any substance haa 
remained unswallowed in the esophagus, the pressure of which 
obstructs respiration. In a distressing case of gunpowder burst- 
ing immediately under a horse’s nose, the effects of which tumefied 
his mouth and nostrils, so as to prevent free inspiration, the ani- 
mal owed his life entirely to our excising a portion from the 
tracheal rings, about ten inches below the angle of the throat. 
The operation is a very simple one, and may consist either in a 
longitudinal section made through two or three of the rings, or a 
portion, occupying about an inch round, may be excised from the 
anterior cartilaginous substance. The proper mode, when it can 
be done, however, is to make a circular opening with a very nar- 
row knife, removing a portion of two cartilages, or taking a semi- 
circular piece from each; and this last, although it is seldom 
performed, is by far the best method. The integuments should 
be first divided in the exact center of the neck, three or four inches 
below the obstruction; then the skin and tissues should be suffi- 
ciently separated to allow a tube adapted to the size of the trachea 
to be introduced, the tube having an acute turn and a rim, which 
must be furnished with holes for the adaptation of tapes, to secure 
it around the neck. There are several instruments of this sort in 
use, of which that adopted by the French, or the one invented 
by Mr. Gowing, of Camden Town, is to be preferred. The oper- 
stion has heen also performed in cases of roaring, under an idea 
