270 DADD’'S VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 
zations are, also, occasionally practiced, which, of course, Jivide 
both venous and arterial branches, In France extensive scarifi- 
cations used to be made into indurations before the suppurative 
process had commenced, which, in some cases, prevented that 
from going on, and the remedial wounds made were healed by 
alhesive inflammation, or by healthy granulation. The same 
method has also been occasionally practiced here, but it is not 
now often attempted. 
Phlebotomy, or the puncture of a venous branch, :- the most 
usnal mode of drawing blood in veterinary practice, ard may be 
employed on any point of the body; but some vessels are much 
more frequently opened than others, and most of all the jugular 
vein. 
Bleeding by the thigh veon.—The saphena is a prominent vein 
continued from the inner part of the hock, and may be opened by 
the fleam, but with much greater safety and propriety by a lancet, 
The opposite leg being held up, the operator, placing himself in 
front of the thigh, and steadying himself and the horse by placing 
one hand on the hock, may fix the vein with the little finger of the 
other, while the lancet, held between the thumb and fore-finger, 
punctures it. This vein should never be opened save upon abso- 
lute necessity, as it is often troublesome to pin up. A horse has 
been cast for the trivial matter of stopping the hemorrhage. 
Bleeding from the plate vein.—This vein 1s trequently opened tc 
tt stract blood after injuries of the fore extremities. 
The superficial brachial vein is a coritinuation of the superficial 
‘imsion of the metacarpal veins, and in tne passage upward receives 
more than one branch. Its principal trunk ascends along the inner 
side of the radius. It may also be well to remark that, when taking 
blood from the superficial veins of the arm or fore-arm, if any diffi- 
culty is experienced in obtaining a sufficient flow, the lifting up of 
the other leg, by throwing the muscles of the punctured one into 
action, will force the blood from the inner to the outer set, and an 
increased quantity may be obtained. The plate vein, or external 
thoracic, is often opened, as it emerges from behind the arm, and 
is pinned up without any difficulty. 
Bleeding by the jugular vein.—The situation of this important 
vessel is well known, but its internal connections are not so fa- 
miliar, though such knowledge is essential to the uniform safety of 
the operation. The horse has only external jugular veins, a right 
