BREEDING, AND THE PRINCIPLES OF THE SAME. 315 
Now, it would seem that where the moral reasons in favor of an 
enactment are sufficient not only to justify but to demand it, re 
more should be required. And this is in accordance with the 
soundest rules of philosophizing. Moreover, if no such moral 
reason existed, the authority of the Lawgiver, in the case of the 
divine law, is a sufficient foundation and warrant for it; and the 
human law is bound by and but follows the divine. Shall we, 
then, take the step beyond, and apply to the inferior animal the 
rule that was intended for rational, accountable man? We know 
that, if left to his own observation and experience, and being him- 
self the judge, the objector must avouch the fact that, in the state 
of Nature, there is no restraint, and that such connections are and 
must be continually taking place. 
THe ADVANTAGES OF IN-AND-IN BREEDING, 
“ And if there are advantages arising from the having placed in 
the line of the direct ancestry, near and remote, of our flocks, a 
great number of approved individuals, both maie and female, as 
has been seen, it follows that there must be far greater advantages 
arising from the having the same one individual (if he be of marked 
superiority) placed in that line the greatest possible number of 
times. ‘This is done by in-and-in breeding, and is the object of it. 
Now, it is easier to find this one unsurpassed individual than to 
find many; for in the many there will, most certainly, be one te 
be preferred to all the rest. Then, under the operation or the 
principle of atavism, the chances that the resemblance of such un- 
equaled ancestor will be obtained must be in the ratio of the 
number of times that he occurs in the ascending lines; hence 
greater uniformity and greater excellence in all the progeny. 
An apt illustration of this is found in the frequent occurrence of 
the Godolphin Arabian, in the pedigrees of ail our best blooded 
horses, carried back to him as their founder.” 
In conclusion, the author offers the following, in view not only 
of benefiting the horse, but his owner also. 
THe ImporTANCE OF STUDYING ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY. 
There is an aphorism which is said to have emanated from a 
Divine source, and it appeals to the intelligence of this enlightened 
