SECTION XII. 
LAMENESS FROM VARIOUS CAUSES 
Counes— Ex.sow Tumoe—Caprep Hoox-—Varix, 08 Boo Spavin—ATROPHY, on 
Wastino or MoscLes—THorovgcH-PIN-——NavViouLaR Diskase, on LAMENES#— 
PLEvRO-pynia —AcuTs RasuMatTisM—CHRONIO RaEUMATIS&*—RING-BONE— 
8piint—Spra vin—Osteo Porosis—CurRVATORE OF THE Spine—Hoor-sounp— 
Laminitis—SanpcRacK—QuaBTER CRACK—NAVICULAR THRITIS—STIFLE Ov? 
-ConTractios ov THE Hoor—Bowrep Lres—Corns—LAMENESB. 
Curss. 
URB consists of sprain of the posterior ligament of the hock, 
known as the calcaneo-cuboid ligament. It is thus named 
in consequence of being inserted into the oscalcis and cuboid bones. 
The tumefaction is usually confined to the skin and subcellular 
tissue. At first the part is hot and painful, and the animal is 
lame—does not flex the hock in a natural manner; yet, when 
standing still, the horse keeps the lower part of the limb flexed, 
so as to relieve the overstrained tendon. The liability or predis- 
position to the disease lurks in breed. Such horses are observed 
to have ill-shaped hocks. Such have been denominated “cow- 
hocks.” The parts are not symmetrical, There is an obvious 
disproportion between the width of the parts above and below the 
hock, which gives it an angular appearance ; and the more angu- 
larity there is, the more liability is there to sprain, because there 
is too much tension on the caleaneo-cuboid ligament. 
Causes.—The exciting causes of curb are sprain, occurring in 
the act of backing a heavv load, or in leaping; in short the per- 
formance of any feat that violently calls into play the flexor 
muscles and tendons of the hind extremities ; hence stallions with 
faulty hocks, when used for procreation, are very apt to become 
the eubject of curb. 
(819) 
