LAMENESS, FROM VARIOUS CAUSES. 385 
The cause of corn is a most important subject of inquiry, and 
which a careful examination of the foot and the shoe will easily 
discover. The cause being ascertained, the effect may, tu a great 
extent, be afterward removed. Turning out to grass, after the 
horn is a little grown, first with the bar-shoe and afterward with 
the shoe fettered on one side, or with tips, will often be service- 
able. A horse that has once had corns to any considerable extent 
should, at every shoeing, have the seat of corn well pared out, and 
the butter of antimony applied. The seated shoe should be used, 
with a web sufficiently thick to cover the place of corn, and extend- 
ing as far back as it can be made to do without injury to the frog. 
Low, weak heels should be rarely touched with the knife, or 
any thing more be done to them than lightly to rasp them, in 
order to give them a level surface. The inner heel should be 
particularly spared. Corns are seldom found ip the hind feet, 
because the heels are stronger, and the feet are not exposed to sc 
much concussion ; and when they are found there, they are rarely 
or never productive of lameness. There is nothing perhaps in 
which the improvement in the veterinary art has relieved the 
horse from so much suffering as shoeing. Where corns now exist 
of any consequence, they are a disgrace to the smith, the groom. 
and even to the owner.” 
LAMENESS. 
We have already considered the nature and treatment of vari- 
ous forms of lameness, occurring in consequence of strain or sprain 
of different parts of the body ; also that attending rheumatisin and 
diseases of the feet. It only remains to offer a few remarks on 
some special forms of lameness. Lameness occurs in one of two 
forms. We either find it in the acute stage, when, from injury 
or other causes, it comes on suddenly ; or else in the chronic stage, 
that form which has existed for some time. Therefore, there being 
euly two forms of lameness, there are only two indications to fulfill, 
namely: in the acute stage, we endeavor to lessen the activity in 
the circulation, heat, and pain of the parts by rest and cold-water 
bathing; and when pain exists, we mitigate it by bathing the af- 
fected parts with cold infusion of hops or poppy-heads. Whea 
the affection assumes a chronic type, we apply stimulants ard 
ronnter-irritants. The following is the best remedy in use: 
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