INDEX. 



515 



CAV 



CRr 



Caves, marine— continued. 



— the Souffleur, or Blower, 52 



— the Buffadero, 53 

 Caviar, 217 

 Cellularise, 319 



Cephalopoda, their organisation, 271 



— their locomotion, 274 



— their food, 277 



— their enemies, 277 



— their great size in some cases, 379 



— the Norwegian kraken, 279 



— the argonaut, 280 



— the nautilus, 281 



— the cephalopods of the primitive 



ocean, 282 



Cessart, De, his breakwater at Cher- 

 bourg, 90 



Cetaceans, general remarks on the or- 

 ganisation of the, 95 



— food of whales, 98 



— their enemies, 99 



— large Greenland whale, 101 



— the rorqual, or fin-back, 101 



— the antarctic smooth-back, 102 



— sperm-whale, 102 



— the narwhal, or unicorn-fish, 106 



— the dolphin, 107 



— the porpoise, 108 



— the grampus, 108 



— history of the whale-fishery, 109 



— the ca'ing whale, 115 

 Cetochilus australis, banks of the, in 



the Pacific, 21 

 Ceylon, or Taprobane, discovery of, 447 

 Chsetodon rostratus, 203 

 Chancellor's discovery of the White Sea, 



474 



— his death, 475 

 Charybdis, vortex of, 41 

 Chelura tenebrans, 247 

 Chelyosoma, 323 

 Chepstow, high tides at, 38 

 Cherbourg, breakwater of, 90 

 Chili, upheaving of the coast of, 10 

 Chincha Islands, statistics of the guano 



trade of the, 169 

 Chiton squamosa, 285 

 Chlorospermse, or green sea-weeds, 391 

 Chondrus crispus, or carrigeen, 399 

 Circumnavigation of the globe first per- 

 formed by Sebastian el Cano, 469 

 Clavellina producta, 322 

 Climate, influence of the Gulf Stream on 

 that of the west European coasts, 51 



— variety of climates in similar lati- 



tudes, 52 



— Peruvian cold stream, 53 



— Japanese stream, 54 



— influence of forests on climates, 73 

 -r- power of man over climate, 78 

 Climbing fishes, 193 



Clio borealis, 298 

 Clouds, formation of, 71, 72 

 Coast-line of die sea, length of, 4 

 Coasts, different formation of, 5 



— destructive power of the sea on all, 28 

 Cockle, the, 303, 306 



Cocoa-nut crab of the East Indies, 254 

 Cod, the, 415 



— curing the cod, 216 



— cod-liver oil, 216 

 Codenterata, 345, 357 



Colaeus of Samos, his maritime disco- 

 veries, 446 

 Colour of the sea, 17 



— the azure cave at Capri, 18 



— changes produced by algae and sea- 



worms, 19 

 Columbus, his discovery of America, 457 

 Compass, mariner's, invention of the, 451 

 Composition of sea-water, 12 

 Cone-shell, orange, 288 

 Conger-eels, 222 

 Congo, discovery of, 456 

 Constructions, marine, 80-91 

 Cook, Captain, his voyages and disco- 

 veries, 485 



— his first voyage, 486 



— discovery of the Society Islands, 486 

 of the east coast of New Holland, 



486 



— his second voyage, and discoveries, 



492 



— his third voyage, 491 



— his death, 462 



Cook's Strait, discovery of, 486 

 Conochilus volvox, 268 

 Coral, spotted, of the Indian Ocean, 21 

 Coral, 366 



— deep sea, 367 



— fishing of the Mediterranean, 367 

 Coral-reefs, 374 



— barrier-reef of Australia, 374 



— how they become habitable for man, 



375, 376 

 Coralline zone, 413 

 Cordova, his discoveries, 491 

 Cormorants, 154, 155 

 Cortereal, Gaspar, his maritime disco- 

 veries, 460 

 Cortereal, John Vaez, his discoveries, 468 

 Cortereal, Miguel, 461 

 Cortes, his conquest of Mexico, 461 

 Coryniadse, 358 

 Crabs, 246 



— legs of crabs, 251 



— larva of crabs, 258 



Cross-fish, the common, 334 



Crustacea, by what are they distin- 

 guished from the insects and spiders 7 

 243 



— their respiratory organs, 244 



31 31 



