38 



HuMlFn'sus — Procumbent ; HuMiLis — 

 Low, dwarf, used in comparison. (See 

 Crotalaria humifusa.) 



Ht'aoinths in Glasses — Fill the glasses 

 with pure water, so that the base of the 

 bulb may just touch the water ; then 

 place them for about a weejc in a dark 

 room ; this will promote the formation 

 of root. After this expose them to as 

 much light as possible. The water 

 should be changed as it becomes im- 

 irare. In doing this draw carefully out 

 of the glass all the roots, and well 

 rinse them in clean water, taking 

 care not to injure them ; and at the 

 same time well clean the inside of the 

 glass. 



HTA'LlNns — More or less transparent or 

 translucent. 



Htberna'cuhim, Htbeena'cula — Winter 

 quarters; any part which invests the 

 nascent shoot, and protects it during 

 the winter, as buds and bulbs ; a form 

 of the stock. In some perennials the 

 stock consists merely of a branch, 

 which proceeds in autumn from the 

 base of the stem either above ground or 

 underground, and produces one or more 

 buds. This branch, or a portion of it, 

 alone survives the winter. In the 

 following year its buds produce the 

 new stem and roots, whilst the rest of 

 the plant, even the branch on which 

 these buds were formed, has died away. 

 These annual stocks, called sometimes 

 hybernacula, offsets, or stolons, keep 

 up the communication between the 

 annual stem and root of one year, and 

 those of the following year, thus form- 

 ing altogether a perennial plant. 



Hi'beidtis, Hy'bkida— a mongrel, the 

 common offspring of two distinct 

 species. Hybrids, or crosses between 

 two distinct species, come under the 

 same category of anomalous specimens 

 from a known cause. Prequent as they 

 are in gardens, where^they are artificially 

 produced, they are probably rare in 

 nature, although on this subject'there 

 is much diversity of opinion, some 

 believing them to be frequent, others 

 almost denying their existence. Ab- 

 solute proof of the origin of a plant 

 found wild is of course impossible ; 

 but it is pretty generally agreed that 

 the follovnng particulars must always 

 co-exist in the wild hybrid : — It par- 

 takes of the characters of its two 

 parents ; it is to be found isolated, 

 or almost isolated, in places where 

 the two parents are abundant ; if 

 there are two or three, they will 

 generally be dissimilar from' each 

 other, one partaking more of one 

 parent, another of the other; it will 

 never be found where one of the parents 

 grows alone. 



Hy'deogogdb — That which removes 

 dropsy, as the Hogweed, Boerhaavia 

 diffusa. 



Hyqkome'tric, Hyqromb'tbicus — Expres- 

 sive of the state or degree of hygros- 

 copicity of a plant. 



Hthe'neum, Hyme'nidm— So called from 

 being membranous. Aggregation of 

 spore-mother-cells, with or without 

 sterile cells, in a continuous stratum or 

 layer upon a sporophore. Same as 

 sporagenous layer, hymeneal layer. 



Hypekboee'an, Hypbbbo'reus— Far north ; 

 signifying that the plant is indigenous 

 in the northernmost countries, within 

 the Arctic circle. 



Hy'pha — A web. The filamentous, some- 

 what fleshy, debiquescent thallus of 

 plants which form mouldiness. 



Htpnospoban'sidm — Sporangium enclosing 

 hypnospores. 



Hyp'nospoee— Spores which repose (sleep) 

 sometime before germinating — "resting 

 spores." 



Hy'po— In compounds, signifies "under, 'as 

 hypogynous stamens, below the pistil. 



Hypoblas'tus— Synonym for the fleshy 

 cotyledon of the grasses. 



Hypochi'lus — The lower portion of the lip 

 of Orchidese. 



Htpoceate'eifoemis (Salver-shaped) — Ap- 

 plied to a flower when the lower part 

 is cylindric and the upper portion 

 expanded horizontally. In this case 

 the name of the tube is restricted to 

 the cylindric part, and the horizontal 

 portion is called the limb, whether it 

 be divided to the base or not. The 

 orifice of the tube is called the mouth 

 or throat. (See flowers of the garden 

 flower Phlox. ) 



Hypogze'us — Plants which ripen their fruit 

 under ground. Also, generally of any 

 part that grows under ground. (See 

 the pods of Arachis hypogcea, the 

 Earth-nut.) 



Hypo'GYNOUS, HYPO'GYKrs, Hypogy'nicus 

 [i.e., under the ovary) — Seated below 

 the base of the ovary, but not attached 

 to the calyx. Flowers are hypogynous 

 when the petals and stamens or the 

 disc that bears them are entirely free 

 both from the calyx and ovary. The 

 ovary is then described as free or supe- 

 rior, the calyx as free or inferior, the 

 petals as being inserted on the recep- 

 tacle. 



Hypophl^'odal — Existing beneath the 

 epidermis of bark. 



Hypothal'lus— The mycelium of certain 

 Fungi. 



Htpothe'cidm — The substance which im- 

 mediately invests the perithecium of 

 Lichens. 



Hystbean'thods, Hystbkanthb'tjs — 

 Plants whose leaves expand after the 

 flowers have opened. 



Ian'thinds— Synonym for " Violaceus." 



Icosan'deo.us, Ioosan'dee, Icosan'deus — 

 Flowers having twenty or more 

 stamens, which are partially attached 

 to the calyx (perigynous), and conse- 

 quently seem to originate from it. 



Id'io-andeo'spoeods— Neuter individuals, 

 producing androspores (in (Edogonium). 



Ig'nbus— Fiery. Synonym for " Flam- 

 meus." Bright scarlet. (See the 

 flowers of Cuphea ignca.) 



