so 



Ps'DDNOLB -This is the stalk of a solitary 

 flower, or of an inflorescence ; that is 

 to say, the portion of the flowering 

 branch from the last stem-leaf to the 

 flower, or to the first ramification of the 

 inflorescence, or even up to its last 

 ramification ; but this portion extend- 

 ing from the first to the last ramifica- 

 tion or axes of inflorescence is often dis- 

 tinguished under the name of rkachis. 

 Pbdunodlate', Pbdunoula'kis, Pedun- 

 oula'tus, Pedunoulo'sus — Furnished 

 ■ with a peduncle. 



Pel'liclk, Pelli'cuIjA — An extremely 

 delicate superficial membrane ; a syno- 

 nym for "Epidermis." Pellioula'kis 

 — With the cliaracter of a pellicle. 



Pellu'cid, Pellu'oidus — Perfectly or only 

 partially transparent. 



Pelo'ria — A form assumed by certain 

 flowers, which, being unsymmetrical 

 in their usual state, become symmetri- 

 cal in what may be considered as a re- 

 turn to their normal type. 



Peltate', Pelta'tus — Where a support is 

 inserted at some distance witliin the 

 margin, and is not in the same plane 

 as the flat surface, which rests tipon it. 

 (See the leaf of the garden Tropcolum 

 majus, or Indian Cress. ) 



Pelti'deus, Peltifok'mis— Target or 

 buckler-shaped. 



Peltiner'vis — Where the nerves diverge 

 from the summit of a petiole, and 

 spread on all sides in a plane that is 

 miich inclined to it. 



Pbltoi'dbus— Shaped like a shield ; some- 

 what orbicular, and convex on the upper 

 side. 



Pbnd'ent — So much inclined that the apex 

 is pointed vertically downwards. Pen- 

 dulous, Pen'dulus, Pendulin'us — 

 Synonym for " Pendent " ; more especi- 

 ally where the flexure arises from 

 weakness of the support. 



Penicilla'tus— Bordered or tipped with 

 fine hairs resembling those of a hair 

 pencil. Penioillifoe'mis— When in 

 the form of ,a hair pencil. 



Pen'nate, Pbnnat'us, Pennat'ieid— Syn- 

 onyms for "Pinnate," &o. 



Pbnniner'ved, Penninbk'vis — Where the 

 primary nerves of a leaf are straight 

 and diverge from the midrib in a pin- 

 nate manner ;■ feather-nerved. 



Pen'ta — In compounds, signifies five. Thus 

 Pentachai'nium, a five-oelled fruit ; 

 PENTAGt'NUS, flowers with fi^e pistils, 

 or five distinct styles ; Pentan'dkus, 

 flowers with five stamens. 



Pb'po — Fruits so termed are one-celied, 

 many-seeded, inferior, indehiscent, 

 fleshy ; the seeds attached to parietal 

 pulpy placent. At maturity its cavity 

 is frequently filled with pulp, embed- 

 ding the seeds ; their point of attach- 

 ment is, however, never lost. For 

 examples, see Cucumber, Melon, 

 Gourd, Papaw. 



Pbeem'betum — The portion of monocotyle- 

 donous embryos investing the plumule 

 and radicles not externally distinguish- 

 able. 



Pbeen'nial, Peeen'nis— Of three or more 

 years' duration, and polyoarpie. 



Pebfol'iate, Pbrfolia'tus— When leaves 

 oppositely arranged unite at their 

 bases ; or when the basal lobes of 

 clasping leaves become united, so that 

 the axis about which they are placed 

 appearsito pass through them. 



Pertoea'ted, Pekfoea'tcs— Pierced with 

 one or more holes. 



Peegambnta'obus — Having the consistency 

 of parchment. 



Per'i— Around ; in Latin, Circa. 



Pbeianth', Perian'thium— The name given 

 to the floral envelope which usually en- 

 closes the stamens and pistil when young, 

 and expands and exposes them to view 

 when fully formed. This complete 

 perianth is double ; the outer one, called 

 the calyx, is usually more green and leaf- 

 like ; the inner one, called the corolla, 

 more conspicuous, and variously 

 coloured. It is the perianth, and 

 especially the corolla, as the most showy 

 part, that is generally called the flower 

 in popular language. In very many 

 oases, a so-called simple perianth (of 

 which the parts are usually called leaves 

 or segments) is one in which the sepals 

 and petals are similar in form and 

 texture, and present apparently a single 

 whorl. But if examined in the bud, 

 one-half of the parts will generally be 

 found to be placed outside the other 

 half, and there will frequently be some 

 slight difierence in texture, size, and 

 colour, indicating to the close observer 

 the presence of both calyx and corolla. 

 Hence much discrepancy in descriptive 

 works. Where one botanist describes 

 a simple perianth of six segments, 

 another will speak of a double perianth 

 of three sepals and three petals. The 

 term "perianth" should only be em- 

 ployed to designate a calyx and corolla 

 the limits of which are undefined, so 

 that they cannot be satisfactorily dis- 

 tinguished from each other, as in the 

 case of Tulips, Lilies, Crinums, and 

 Orchids. " But even in these examples 

 the limit between calyx and corolla 

 not only exists, but is often plainly 

 evident. 



Pee'ioaep, Pbbioar'pium — The portion of 

 the fruit formed of the ovary, and 

 whatever adheres to it, exclusive of 

 and outside of the seed or seeds, ex- 

 clusive also of the persistent receptacle, 

 or of whatever portion of the calyx per- 

 sists round the ovary without adhering 

 to it. Pbrioli'nium — The involucrum 

 of CompositEe. 



Peeich^'tial Leaves— Those at the base 

 of the fruit-stalk of a moss. 



Pee'idbem, Peridbrmio— The enclosing 

 membrane. 



Pebid'ium— General term for the outer 

 enveloping coat of a sporophore upon 

 which the spores develop in a closed 

 cavity. In Uredineee it envelopes the 

 Eecidium, and is also termed psevdo- 

 pei'idium, paraphyses envelope. In Gas- 

 tromycetes, termed also uterus, and 

 may be differentiated into peridium 



