Spbbmaph'okpm, Spebmoph'oeum— Syno- 

 nym for "Placenta," and also for 

 "Ptiniculus." 



SpEKMAPO'dICM, SPEnMAPODOPH'OHBM — 

 The branched gynoiihorus of IJmbelH- 

 ferss. 

 s^pebma'to - oystid'ium: — Synonym for 

 " Anthera," and more especially for the 

 supposed anther of Muaci, otherwise 

 called Antheridium. 



SPBBMATOini'uM — A case containing the 

 progagula (otherwise gonidia) iu Algse. 



Spermi'dbus— Prodncing seed. 



SpBBMi'DinM — Synonym for " Aohenium." 



Speb'modbem, Spebmoder'mis — The skin or 

 integument of a seed, formed by the 

 union of the several coats which in- 

 vested the embryo iu its earlier stages. 



Speemo'phokum — Synonym for "Pla- 

 centa." Spbrmothe'oa — Synonym for 

 "Pericarp." 



SPHiEBEN'oHYMA — Cellular tissue in which 

 the separate vesicles are more or less 

 spherical. 



Sph-bboblas'tus — When a monocotyledon- 

 oua embryo produces a cotyledon, 

 during germination, which terminates 

 in a swollen globular apex. 



Sph^eooab'pus— When a fruit is globular. 



SPH^EOCE'PHALDS^-Where the capitulum 

 is globular. 



SPHaiBO'PHYTDM — Synonym for "Filix," 

 a fern ; the fructification (the theoa) 

 being globular. 



SphjE'ecla, Sphe'bdla (Diminutive for 

 Sphwra, a sphere) — A more or less 

 rounded peridium, discharging at the 

 summit its sporidia. 



Sph^buli'ncs — Synonym for "Orbicu- 

 laris." 



Sphalebooae'pium, Sphalekocar'pum— a 

 one-seeded indehiscent pericarp, invested 

 by apersistentsucoulentoalyx, assuming 

 the appearance of a berry, hence the 

 name " deceiving fruit." For example 

 see Taxui. 



Sphb'bical, Sphjb'bicus — Closely approxi- 

 mating to the form of a sphere. 

 Sphbboi'dal, SpHiEEOiDA'ws — Ap- 

 proximating to the form of a sphere. 



Spi'oa — A spike is a form of infloresence 

 with sessile flowers along a simple un- 

 divided axis or rhachia. Spioa'tcs, 

 Spicip'erus, Spiciflo'rus — Where the 

 flowers are disposed in a spike. 

 Spioipoe'mis — Assuming the appear- 

 ance of a spike. Spioi'gbrus — 

 Synonym for " bpicifems." 



Spi'odla— A spikelet. Spioulif'ebds — 

 When flowers are arranged in spike- 

 lets. 



Spi'cui.ate, Spioula'tus (Made sharp) — 

 Where a surface is covered with fine 

 pointed fleshy appendages. Also (from 

 Spica, a spike) where a spike is com- 

 posed of several smaller spikes (or 

 rather spikelets) crowded together. 



Spi'catb, Spioa'tus— Bearing the flowers 

 in a form of inflorescence called a 

 spike. 



Spiheietv-A small spike, of which several, 

 aggregated round a common axis, con- 

 stitute a "compound spike." The 

 term is more especially applied to the 



spiked arrangements of two or more 

 flowers of grasses, subtended by one or 

 more glumes, and which are variously 

 disposed round a common axis. 



Spi'na (A thorn)— A spine or stiff sharp- 

 pointed process, containing some por- 

 tions of woody tissue, and originating 

 in the degeneracy or modifloation of 

 some organ, as of a branchlet, leaf, or 

 stipule. It is a synonym for 



"Thorn.'' Spinbl'la (diminutive for 

 spina, a thorn). Spines^cent, Spin- 

 es'cens ~" Terminating in a spine. 

 Spinip'bbus — Producmg or bearing 

 spines. Spinipo'lius — Where the leaves 

 are spinous. Spinipob'mis — Having 

 the general appearance of a spine. 

 SpiNOOAE'pus-^Where the fruit is spin- 

 ous. SPl'NOUS^Bearing, or covered 

 with, spines. Spinumf'bbus, Spinu- 

 LO'sus ^ Furnished with very small 

 spines. Spinulij'lo'rus — When the 

 sepals terminate in acute points. 



Spi'bal, Spira'hs— Arranged in a spiral, 

 or twisted spirally round an axis. 

 Spiral vessels or trachea are membran- 

 ous tubes with conical extremities ; 

 their inside being occupied by a fibre 

 twisted spirally, and capable of unroll- 

 ing with elasticity. To the eye they 

 when at rest, look like a wire twisted 

 round a cylinder that is afterwards 

 removed. JFor the purpose of finding 

 them for examination, the stalk of a 

 Strawberry leaf may be used ; in these 

 they may be readily detected by gently 

 pulling the specimens asunder, when 

 they unroll, and appear to the naked 

 eye like a fine cobweb. (See also the 

 spirally coiled peduncle of the Eel- 

 grass, VaHisnerm ipiralis, a common 

 ifresh-water plant.) 



SpiTHAM.E'ns (Spithama, a span) — About 

 seven inches ; the average space 

 between the extremities of the thumb 

 and forefinger when expanded. 



Splen'dens — Glittering. (See the 



Treasure-flower, Gazania splendens.) 



Spodo'chbous — Of a grey tint. Spodo, in 

 Greek compounds, signifies ash-grey. 



Spon'giolb, Spongi'ola (Uimlnutive for 

 Spongia, a sponge) — The extremity of 

 each fibre of a root, devoidof epidermis, 

 and capable of absorbing moisture 

 from the surrounding medium. The 

 term is extended tothestigma {Spongiola 

 pistUlaris) and certain parts on the 

 surface of seeds possessing a similar 

 property of abisorptioti (Spongiola 

 seminalis). Spongy, Spongiosus — 

 Where thfi cellular tissue is copious, 

 forming a spongo-Hke mass, often 

 replete with moisture. 



Spoea'dio, Spoea'dicds— When a given 

 species occurs in more than one 

 of the separate districts assigned to 

 particular Floras. 



Spoban'gium, Sporangia— a spora-case, 

 having spores produced within it. 



Spore-case— Case containing the spores of 

 Ferns and their allies. 



Sporip'eeous— Bearing spores. 



Spobooar'pium — Covtring or capsule en- 

 closing spores, or carpospores. 



