27 



Ctjta'neous— Relating to the skin. 



Cu'tiole — Synonymous with "Epidermis," 

 the scarf skin. 



CuTTiNQS — In preparing these, as a rule it 

 is advisable to cut close below a knot 

 or joint at the base, because roots are 

 in most cases formed most readily 

 from thence. This, however, is not 

 always the case, as will be seen by look- 

 ing at th e prostrate stems of verbenas and 

 similar plants during very wet weather ; 

 here roots will be observed coming^ out 

 all along the iuternodes, thus it will be 

 quite immaterial where the incision be 

 made. Cuttings of succulent plants 

 should not be planted immediately 

 after being cut ; it is better to allow 

 time for the wound to dry ; if the day 

 be dry, an hour will do this, if wet 

 allow a longer time. 



Cta'nbtis — A bright or pure blue. (See the 

 flowers of Cemmelyna cyanea, a plant 

 commionly met with upon wet grounds ; 

 ■■ one of the Spider-worts.) 



Cyathifok'mis — Cup-shaped, likeareversed 

 cone. 



CrcLO'sis— The partial circulation observ-> 

 able in the milky juices of certain 

 plants. 



Cylin'dbio, Cylin'dkicds — Approaching 

 closely the form of a cylinder. (See 

 the stem of a Whsfet plant.) 



Ctma'tium (from Kumation, a little wave) 

 — Synonym for " Apothecium. " 



Ctmb^for'mis, Cymbifor'mis — Boat- 



Cymb, or Cy'mose — When branched and 

 centrifugal. It is a centrifugal panicle, 

 and is often corymbose. The central 

 flowers open first. The lateral branches 

 successively developed are usually 

 forked or opposite (dichotomous or 

 triohotomous), but sometimes after the 

 first forking the branches are no longer 

 divided, but produce a succession of 

 pedicels on their upper side forming 

 apparently unilateral cCQtripetal 

 racemes; whereas if attentively 'ex- 

 amined, it will be found that each 

 pedicel is at first terminal but becomes 

 lateral by the development of one outer 

 branch only, immediately under the 

 . pedicel. Such branches, when in bud, 

 are generally rolled back at the top, 

 like the tail of a scorpion, and are 

 thence called scorpio'id. (See inflores- 

 cence of Callicarpa pedunculata, a com- 

 mon shrub In Queensland scrub borders, 

 with pretty purple drupes about IJ 

 lines in diameter.) 



Cynarbho'dum — A fruit composed of 

 several free, hard, and indebiscent 

 ovaries, enveloped by, but not united 

 to, the fleshy tube of the calyx, as in 

 Roses. 



Cy'phbllate — Having minute sunken 

 roundish cup-like spots on the under 

 surface of the thallus of Stictei. 

 Cyphellse, minute urceolate excavations 

 on the under surface of the thallus. 



Oyp'sela, Cyp'sblla — A synonym of 

 " Achenium ;" where that term is 

 applied to the fruit resulting from an 

 inferior ovarium, as in the Compositse, 



Cysti'dia — Sacs containing spores. 

 Cy'toblast — A cell germ. 

 Cttoblas'tbma— Protoplasm. 



Daceyoi'deus — Resembling a tear ; ap- 

 plied to a pear-like fruit, oblong and 

 rounded at one end, and pointed at 

 the other. 



Dactylo'sus — Oblong and nearly cylin- 

 dric, resembling a finger, or attached 

 like the finger of the human hand. 

 (See the inflorescence of the common 

 Couch Grass, Cynodon dactyloa.) 



D.i!'DALons, DiGDA'LEUs— Where the broad 

 apex of a leaf, without being strictly 

 truncate, is irregularly jagged. Derived 

 from ' ckedalus," artificial. (See the 

 apex of the leaf of Xerotes longifolia.) 



DAH'LlAS^The four classes into which 

 Dahlias are divided by the Florist are 

 Show, Fancy, Bouquet orPompone, and 

 Single-flowered. Show Dahlias are all 

 double, and require to have large 

 flowers of the most perfect form to be 

 considered good. Selfs and pale^ 

 coloured flowers, edged or tipped with 

 a darker colour, are included under 

 Show varieties. Flowers of a similar 

 size, but having florets dark-coloured 

 at the base,' and tipped or striped with 

 a paler colour or white, are known as 

 Fancy varieties. The Bouquet or 

 Pompone, also those sometimes termed 

 the Bed ding sectioUj havedouble flowers 

 of a much smaller size ; various colours 

 are included, and all are invariably 

 very pretty ; the habit is dwarf and 

 compact, constituting these the best 

 for bedding purposes, and the flowers 

 are most useful for cutting, when 

 double ones are required. The Single- 

 flowered varieties are very popular, 

 and are amongst the most beautiful 

 and useful subjects cut flowers. — Diet, 

 of Oard. 



Dampikq Off — This term is applied to the 

 premature decay of the leaves, flowers, 

 or stems of plants. Its effects are most 

 marked on young and tender seedlings, 

 when crowded together, or placed under 

 unsuitable atmospheric conditions. 

 Sometimes the cause may be traced to 

 excess of moisture that may be sus- 

 pended in the air or applied to the roots. 

 Damping off amongst cuttings is often 

 caused jay allowing them to become 

 dry, and then suddenly applying too 

 much water. The water is generally 

 blamed when the actual cause is 

 drought, and the sudden change sub- 

 sequently caused by the water. A 

 .. temperature in a glass house or pro- 

 pagating frame lower than that oufcide 

 in either case will cause damping by 

 the condensation of water on all parts 

 of the plants as they become colder, 

 like the house. Raise the temperature, 

 and the moisture becomes suspended. 

 Immediately damping is detected 

 amongst tender seedlings, thejf should 



~ be separated and placed out singly in 

 fresh soil. This will invariably check 

 it, but the operation is. best performed 



